Biology

The adult human body typically has 206 bones. This is a well-established fact in human anatomy, making option C the correct answer.

Entomology is the branch of zoology that specifically studies insects. Therefore, the correct answer is 'insects'.

The human brain consumes about 20% of the body's total oxygen and blood supply, reflecting its high metabolic demand despite its relatively small size.

Vitamin B1 deficiency causes beriberi, a disease affecting the cardiovascular and nervous systems. The other options are unrelated to vitamin B1 deficiency.

The primary function of the kidney is to remove waste products and excess substances from the blood, maintaining the body's chemical balance. While kidneys also help regulate blood pressure, their main role is waste removal.

The pea plant (Pisum sativum) has 14 chromosomes in its diploid cells, which is a well-established fact in plant genetics.

Orange belongs to the family Rutaceae, which is commonly known as the citrus family. This family includes other citrus fruits like lemons and limes.

White blood cells are colorless because they lack hemoglobin, unlike red blood cells which contain hemoglobin giving them their red color. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell and are also colorless. Platelets are cell fragments and do not have color like red blood cells.

Endocrinology is the branch of biology and medicine that studies glands and the hormones they produce. The other options are unrelated: cardiology studies the heart, entomology studies insects, and 'None of these' is incorrect.

The heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery for oxygenation. This blood is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide before reaching the lungs.