English

In converting direct speech to indirect speech, the present tense 'must work hard' changes to the past tense 'had to work hard' to reflect the shift in time. Therefore, option C correctly represents the indirect speech form.

The meat of a calf is called veal. Squab refers to young pigeon meat, venison is deer meat, and chevon is goat meat.

The word 'effluvium' means an unpleasant or harmful odor or discharge. Its antonym is 'fragrance,' which means a pleasant smell, making option A the correct answer.

The correct preposition to use with 'infested' when indicating the presence of insects is 'with'. The phrase 'infested with insects' is the standard and grammatically correct expression.

Option C correctly converts the direct question into reported speech by changing the question into a statement and adjusting the tense appropriately. 'Mother asked where I was going' is the proper indirect form of 'Mother said, "Where are you going?"'.

The word 'reverie' means a state of being pleasantly lost in one's thoughts or a daydream. Therefore, 'Daydream' is the correct synonym among the options provided.

The term 'Lotus-eater' originates from Greek mythology, referring to people who lived in a state of dreamy forgetfulness and idleness after eating the lotus plant. Thus, it describes a person who is lazy or avoids responsibilities.

The word 'Garbage' means waste material or trash. Among the options, 'Trash' is the correct synonym, while the others do not relate to the meaning of garbage.

The correct preposition to use with a specific point in time like 'midnight' is 'since,' indicating the starting point of an action continuing to the present. 'In,' 'for,' and 'on' are incorrect in this context.

The correct preposition to use with 'suffered' in this context is 'from,' as in 'We suffered from your neglect.' This is the standard collocation in English.

The idiom 'To kill a mockingbird' symbolizes destroying innocence or harming someone who does no harm, as mockingbirds represent innocence and harmlessness in literature, notably in Harper Lee's novel.

"Gaol" is an old-fashioned British English term for "jail" or "prison." "Quod" is a slang term also meaning "jail," making it the correct synonym among the options. "Purpose" and "Objective" are unrelated in meaning.

The correct preposition to use with 'polite' when referring to people is 'to'. Therefore, 'Always try to be polite to others.' is correct.

Parsimony means extreme unwillingness to spend money or use resources; its antonym is generosity, which means willingness to give or spend freely. The other options do not relate to the meaning of parsimony.

The idiom "give the cold shoulder" means to deliberately ignore or show indifference to someone. Therefore, option C, "To ignore," is the correct meaning.

The word 'anguish' means severe pain or distress. Its antonym is 'delight,' which means great pleasure or joy. The other options do not represent opposites of 'anguish.'

The phrase "It is your duty to make tea at eleven O’clock" implies an obligation or requirement, which is best expressed by "You are required to make tea at eleven O’clock." Option C, "You are supposed to make tea at eleven O’clock," suggests expectation but is less strong than a duty or requirement. Option A is a polite request, and D is incomplete and awkward.

The word 'admonish' means to warn or reprimand someone firmly, which is closely related to 'counsel' as it involves giving advice or warning. The other options do not convey a similar meaning.

The term 'mutton' specifically refers to the meat of mature sheep, typically a ram or ewe over one year old, and generally over 14 months of age. It does not refer to goat meat. Goat meat is called 'chevon' or 'goat meat' but not mutton. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Sheep'.

The word 'jovial' means cheerful and friendly, so its synonym is 'merry'. The other options do not share this meaning.

The word 'sumptuous' means splendid and expensive-looking, which is synonymous with 'luxurious'. The other options do not convey the same meaning.

The word 'philistine' refers to a person who is indifferent or hostile to culture and the arts, often considered uncultured or lacking intellectual values. Therefore, its antonym is 'Intellectual,' which denotes a person possessing a high level of intellect and appreciation for culture.

The phrase "a month of Sundays" is an idiom that means a very long time, emphasizing an extended period rather than a short one or a special day.

The word 'Impregnable' means 'incapable of being seized or captured,' making it the correct one-word substitution for the phrase. The other options have related but distinct meanings.

The sentence implies that the other group will have an effect on our group at the next intersection, but the goal remains the same. "Influenced" fits best as it means being affected or guided by another. "Joined" suggests merging, which changes the meaning, and "replaced" or "ignored" do not fit contextually.