Everyday Science

The Sun's composition by number of atoms is approximately 91-92% hydrogen and about 7.8-8.7% helium. This corresponds to a ratio of hydrogen to helium atoms of roughly 3:1. The options given are ratios, and the closest correct ratio of hydrogen to helium by number of atoms is 3:1, which corresponds to option B. The original correct answer 'A' (3:2) is incorrect based on scientific data from multiple authoritative sources including NASA and educational resources.

When the air temperature is above the freezing point of water (0°C or 32°F), precipitation falls as rain because the water droplets remain liquid. Other forms like hail or snow require colder temperatures.

Vitamin B3 is commonly known as Niacin, which is essential for energy metabolism and DNA repair. The other options correspond to different vitamins: Thiamine is B1, Riboflavin is B2, and Retinol is Vitamin A.

One yard is equal to exactly 3 feet. This is a standard unit conversion in measurement.

An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon covers the center of the Sun but leaves the outer edges visible, creating a 'ring of fire' effect. This matches the description given in the question.

Each gram of carbohydrate provides approximately 4 calories of energy, which is a standard nutritional fact used in dietary calculations.

Vitamin B2 is commonly known as Riboflavin. The other options correspond to different vitamins: Thiamine is Vitamin B1, Ascorbic Acid is Vitamin C, and Niacin is Vitamin B3.

Electric bulbs are usually filled with inert gases like nitrogen or argon to prevent the filament from oxidizing and to prolong its life. Among the given options, nitrogen is the most commonly used gas in electric bulbs.

A fathom is a unit of length used especially for measuring the depth of water. It is equal to 6 feet or approximately 1.8 meters, making it the correct unit for measuring depth.

Turpentine is a fluid obtained by distilling resin from pine trees, making the pine tree the correct source. Other trees listed do not produce turpentine.