FIA

Fahmeeda Mirza was indeed elected as the first woman Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan on 19 March 2008, making option A correct. The other options are notable Pakistani women politicians but have not held this position.

Abu Jahl was a prominent opponent of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) and is historically known for his hostility and for urging the Quraysh tribe to take collective action against the Prophet, including the suggestion to kill him by attacking all at once. This aligns with historical Islamic sources on the opposition faced by the Prophet.

Persia officially changed its name to Iran in 1935, as requested by Reza Shah Pahlavi to reflect the native name of the country.

There are generally recognized to be 45 landlocked countries in the world. This number can vary slightly depending on definitions and political changes, but 45 is the most widely accepted count.

The star on the Pakistani flag symbolizes light and knowledge, representing progress and enlightenment. This is a widely accepted interpretation of the flag's symbolism.

The Battle of Badr (Ghazwa e Badar) took place in the 2nd year after Hijrah (2 AH). It occurred on the 17th of Ramadan in 2 AH, which corresponds to 13 March 624 CE. Therefore, the correct answer is A (2 Hijri).

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer, completed in 1945. IBM and Apple are companies, not specific early computers, and 'None of these' is incorrect.

Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, was the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth, marking the beginning of the space age.

According to recent data from the Pew Research Center (2024-2025), Christians make up approximately 29% to 31% of the global population. The most accurate estimate is around 31%, which aligns closely with option C (31.11%). The other options (41.11% and 21.11%) are not supported by current demographic studies. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Rohtas Fort near Jhelum was built by Sher Shah Suri in the 16th century as a military fortification. This is a well-documented historical fact, making option B correct.