Geography

Hispaniola is the historical name of the Caribbean island that is currently divided into two countries: Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Therefore, the name is most closely associated with Haiti among the given options.

There are four U.S. states that border the Pacific Ocean: California, Oregon, Washington, and Alaska. Hawaii is also in the Pacific but is not on the continental coast. Therefore, the correct answer is Four.

The island of Madagascar has not officially changed its name. It is still officially known as Madagascar or the Republic of Madagascar. The term "Malagasy" refers to the people, language, and culture of Madagascar, not the island itself. Among the options given, "Malagasy" is the only term related to Madagascar, but it is not a new name for the island. The other options (Haitti, Mozambique, Maputo) are names of other places unrelated to Madagascar.

Brisbane is the Australian city situated on Moreton Bay, which is located on the eastern coast of Queensland. The other cities listed are located in different states and are not on Moreton Bay.

Urmia Lake is located in Iran, specifically in the northwest part of the country. It is one of the largest saltwater lakes in the Middle East.

Gavarnie Falls is a famous waterfall located in the Pyrenees mountains of France, making France the correct answer.

Reindeer Lake is a large lake located on the border between the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba, making Canada the correct country.

Gogland Island is located in the Gulf of Finland and is part of Russia. It is known for its strategic location and historical significance.

Lake Ontario is one of the Great Lakes located on the border between the United States and Canada, making option B the correct answer.

Gersoppa Waterfall, also known as Jog Falls, is located in India. It is one of the highest waterfalls in India and is situated in the state of Karnataka.

Ribbon Falls is a well-known waterfall located in Yosemite National Park, which is in the United States. Therefore, the correct answer is the United States.

Salisbury was the colonial name of Harare, the capital city of Zimbabwe, before it was renamed in 1982 after independence.

Córdoba is a historic city in southern Spain, known for its rich Islamic and Roman heritage, including the famous Mezquita-Catedral. It was an important cultural and political center during medieval times. Therefore, the correct answer is Spain.

The Strait of Hormuz is the narrow passage that connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman, making it a critical chokepoint for global oil transportation.

Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa, is located in Africa, specifically between Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania. Therefore, the correct answer is Africa.

The Avila Walls, also known as the Walls of Ávila, are a famous medieval fortification located in the city of Ávila, Spain. They are one of the best-preserved city walls in Europe, making Spain the correct country.

Erbil is the capital city of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq, serving as its administrative and economic center. The other options are cities in the region or nearby but are not the capital.

Baldwin Street is located in Dunedin, New Zealand, and is famous for being one of the steepest residential streets in the world.

Mali is well known for its significant gold reserves and is one of Africa's largest gold producers, making gold its most famous natural resource.

Harley Street is a famous street located in London, United Kingdom, known for its concentration of private medical specialists.

Great Bear Lake is located in Canada, specifically in the Northwest Territories. It is the largest lake entirely within Canada and the fourth largest in North America.

Lake Baikal is located in Russia and is known as the world's deepest and oldest freshwater lake. Therefore, the correct answer is Russia.

Socotra is an island that belongs to Yemen. It is located in the Arabian Sea and is known for its unique biodiversity.

Authoritative sources including Encyclopaedia Britannica and Wikipedia confirm that the Suez Canal is approximately 193.3 kilometers (120.1 miles) long. The canal extends from Port Said in the north to Suez in the south. Therefore, the correct answer is option B: 193 Km.

Zealandia is approximately 8 times larger than Madagascar in terms of area. Madagascar's area is about 587,000 square kilometers, while Zealandia's submerged continental crust area is about 4.9 million square kilometers, making option A correct.