History

King John of England was forced to sign the Magna Carta in 1215, limiting the powers of the monarchy and establishing certain legal protections for subjects.

The period from 1649 to 1660 in English history is known as the Commonwealth period, when England was a republic following the execution of King Charles I and before the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

Great Britain declared war on Spain and Naples on 4 January 1762 during the Seven Years' War, marking their official entry against these countries. This date is historically documented as the formal declaration of hostilities.

Joseph Goebbels was appointed Chancellor of Germany for one day after Hitler's death before he committed suicide himself. This brief tenure makes him the correct answer.

Ghiyas-ud-din Balban died in 1290. He was a prominent ruler of the Delhi Sultanate and his death year is historically recorded as 1290, making option C correct.

Nadir Shah defeated the Mughal army decisively at the Battle of Karnal on 13 February 1739, which lasted less than three hours. This battle is historically significant for the rapid and overwhelming victory.

Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States and was assassinated in 1865. The other presidents listed were not assassinated.

Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, died on 7 November 1862 in exile in Rangoon (now Yangon, Myanmar). This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including Britannica and BBC. Therefore, option C is the correct date of his death, not D as originally stated.

The Mongols defeated the Khwarezmid Empire during their invasion of Persia in 1221, marking the conquest of the region including parts of modern Iran and Afghanistan.

The founder of the Bahmani dynasty was Ala-ud-Din Hasan Bahman Shah, who established the dynasty in 1347. Therefore, option A is correct.