History

The Indian National Congress was founded in Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1885. This is a well-documented historical fact, making Bombay the correct answer.

The Government of India Act 1858 was passed on 18th July 1858, transferring control of India from the East India Company to the British Crown. This date is historically documented as the enactment date of the Act.

Gandhi founded the Harijan Sevak Sangh in 1932 to work for the upliftment of the Harijan community. This is a well-documented historical fact.

Lord Canning was the first Viceroy of India, serving from 1858 to 1862 after the British Crown took over control from the East India Company. The other options served as Viceroys later.

Lord Canning served as Governor-General of India from 28 February 1856 to 31 October 1858. After the Government of India Act 1858, the office of Governor-General was replaced by the office of Viceroy, and Lord Canning became the first Viceroy of India from 1 November 1858 to 21 March 1862. None of the given options correctly state his tenure as Governor-General. Option A (1857 to 1863) is incorrect because his Governor-General tenure started in 1856 and ended in 1858, and he was Viceroy until 1862. Therefore, the correct answer is 'None of These'.

The Tughlaq Dynasty was founded in India in 1320 by Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, who established his rule over the Delhi Sultanate after the fall of the Khalji dynasty. This is the widely accepted historical date for the founding of the Tughlaq dynasty, making option C (1320) the correct answer. Option D (1326) is incorrect as the dynasty began ruling in 1320.

The book "Kitab Al Hind" was written by Al-Biruni, a renowned Persian scholar, who documented the culture, science, and history of India during his travels. This makes option A the correct answer.

The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 proposed dividing India into three groups for administrative purposes: Group A (Hindu-majority provinces), Group B (Muslim-majority provinces in the northwest), and Group C (Muslim-majority provinces in the east).

The British attitude towards granting India independence changed due to multiple factors: changes in the UK government, the impact of World War II which weakened Britain's resources and resolve, and the growing tide of Indian nationalism demanding self-rule. All these collectively influenced the decision to grant independence.

The largest British capital investment in India during the colonial period was in the railways. The British developed an extensive railway network primarily to facilitate resource extraction and administrative control, making railways the biggest single item of capital investment.