History

The Sur dynasty ruled northern India from 1540 to 1556, which totals approximately 16 years. This is confirmed by authoritative historical sources such as Encyclopaedia Britannica. Therefore, the correct answer is option B (16 years).

The British East India Company was incorporated in 1600, and the first official British presence in the Indian subcontinent was established in the early 17th century. In 1613, the Mughal emperor Jahangir granted the British permission to establish a trading post in Surat, Gujarat, marking the beginning of British involvement in India. While there may have been some exploratory contacts in the late 16th century, the significant and sustained British presence began in the 17th century, making the 17th century the correct answer.

The Slave Dynasty ruled India from 1206 to 1290 CE, which is approximately 82 years. Therefore, option A (82 years) is the correct answer.

Iltutmish ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1211 to 1236, which is approximately 25 years. This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including Encyclopaedia Britannica. Therefore, the correct answer is option B (25 years). The original question was about the duration of Iltutmish's rule, not a dynasty, so the answer 'None of these' is incorrect.

The Swadeshi Movement, started on August 7, 1905, was initiated by Hindus primarily as a protest against the British colonial government's partition of Bengal. It aimed to boycott British goods and promote Indian-made products to oppose British rule.

During the 1857 War of Independence, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was working in Meerut as a subordinate magistrate. Meerut was a significant center during the uprising, and Sir Syed's role there is well documented.

Aurangzeb Alamgir ruled India from 1658 to 1707, which is approximately 49 years. This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including Encyclopaedia Britannica. Therefore, the correct answer is option B (49 years).

Calcutta was the central point of agitation against the partition of Bengal in 1905, as it was the capital of Bengal and the hub of political activity during that period.

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was born in Bijnor on 17 October 1817, not Delhi. This is a well-documented historical fact.

Surendranath Banerjee was a prominent Hindu leader who actively opposed the partition of Bengal in 1905 by leading the anti-partition movement. The other options were not directly involved in this movement.