Mathematics

If the plot is sold at Rs. 18,700 with a 15% loss, the cost price (CP) is Rs. 18,700 ÷ 0.85 = Rs. 22,000. To gain 15%, the selling price (SP) should be CP × 1.15 = Rs. 22,000 × 1.15 = Rs. 25,300. However, since Rs. 25,300 is option C, but the calculation shows it should be the correct answer, the original correct_answer was C. Rechecking: 22,000 × 1.15 = 25,300, so option C is correct. Therefore, the original correct_answer C is correct. The explanation is added and difficulty set to medium as it involves percentage calculations.

Given that the cost price (CP) of 50 articles equals the selling price (SP) of 40 articles, the SP per article is higher than the CP per article, indicating a profit. Calculating the profit percentage: Let the cost price of one article be 1 unit. Then, CP of 50 articles = 50 units, and SP of 40 articles = 50 units. So, SP of one article = 50/40 = 1.25 units. Profit per article = SP - CP = 1.25 - 1 = 0.25 units. Profit percentage = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (0.25 / 1) × 100 = 25%. Since 25% profit is not listed among the options, the closest available option is 20% profit (option B).

Raheem's total cost price is the sum of the purchase price and repair costs: Rs. 42,000 + Rs. 13,000 = Rs. 55,000. He sold the car for Rs. 64,900, so his profit is Rs. 64,900 - Rs. 55,000 = Rs. 9,900. The profit percentage is calculated as (Profit / Cost Price) × 100 = (9,900 / 55,000) × 100 = 18%. Therefore, the correct profit percentage is 18%, which corresponds to option C.

Let the cost price be C and the original selling price be S. The original profit is S - C. When the selling price is doubled, it becomes 2S, and the new profit is 2S - C. Given that the new profit triples the original profit, we have 2S - C = 3(S - C). Simplifying: 2S - C = 3S - 3C => 2C = S. So, the original selling price is twice the cost price. The original profit is S - C = C, which means the profit is equal to the cost price. Therefore, the profit percentage is (Profit / Cost Price) × 100 = (C / C) × 100 = 100%. Hence, the correct profit percent is 100%, which corresponds to option B.

Kabir sells the article for Rs. 660 at a 10% profit, so the cost price is Rs. 660 ÷ 1.10 = Rs. 600. Since he bought it at a 25% discount, the cost price is 75% of the marked price. Therefore, marked price = Rs. 600 ÷ 0.75 = Rs. 800.

Let the total stock be Rs. x. Selling 20% at 10% profit gives profit = 0.2x * 10% = 0.02x. Selling 80% at 5% loss gives loss = 0.8x * 5% = 0.04x. Overall loss = 0.04x - 0.02x = 0.02x = Rs. 400, so x = 400 / 0.02 = Rs. 20,000.

Let the cost of a horse be x and the cost of a cow be y. Then, 4x + 9y = 13,400. The total profit is Rs. 1880, which comes from 10% profit on horses and 20% profit on cows: 0.10(4x) + 0.20(9y) = 1880. Solving these equations gives x = Rs. 2500, so the cost of a horse is Rs. 2500.

Given the ratio of sale price to cost price is 7:5, let the cost price be 5x and the sale price be 7x. Profit = Sale Price - Cost Price = 7x - 5x = 2x. The ratio of profit to cost price is therefore 2x : 5x = 2:5. Since the options given are A) 2:7, B) 5:2, C) 7:2, and D) Data inadequate, none of the first three options match the correct ratio 2:5. The correct answer should be 'Data inadequate' or an option indicating none of the above, but since 'Data inadequate' is the only remaining option, it is the best choice given the options. The original answer 'A' (2:7) is incorrect.

The vendor bought 20 dozens at Rs. 15 each, total cost = 20 × 15 = Rs. 300. One-fourth were rotten, so remaining bananas = 20 × (3/4) = 15 dozens. He sold two-thirds of these (10 dozens) at Rs. 22.50 per dozen, earning Rs. 225. To break even, he must recover the remaining cost (300 - 225 = Rs. 75) by selling the remaining 5 dozens. So, price per dozen = 75 ÷ 5 = Rs. 15. However, since the question asks for the price per dozen to make neither profit nor loss, the correct price is Rs. 15 per dozen for the remaining bananas. But option B is Rs. 15, which matches this calculation. Therefore, the correct answer is B, not A. The original correct_answer was B, but option A is Rs. 20, which is incorrect. So the original correct_answer is correct. The explanation was missing and is now provided.

Let the cost price be Rs. x. The selling price at 10% loss is 0.9x. If bought for 20% less, cost price is 0.8x, and selling price is Rs. 0.9x + 55. Given profit is 40%, so selling price = 1.4 × 0.8x = 1.12x. Equate: 0.9x + 55 = 1.12x, solving gives x = Rs. 250.