Physics

Adding wax to the prong of a tuning fork increases its mass, which lowers its natural frequency, causing the frequency to decrease.

Electrical energy is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh), which represents the amount of energy consumed when one kilowatt of power is used for one hour. The other options are units of power or incorrect terms.

The reciprocal of resistivity is called conductivity, which measures how well a material allows the flow of electric current. Resistivity and conductivity are inversely related physical properties.

The elastic modulus (Young's modulus) has the same dimensions as pressure or stress, which is force per unit area. Force has dimensions MLT^-2, and area has dimensions L^2, so the dimension of elastic modulus is ML^-1T^-2.

The acceleration of a rocket at any instant is directly proportional to the velocity of the expelled gases (exhaust velocity). This is derived from the rocket thrust equation and Newton's second law. The acceleration a = F/m = (ṁ · vₑ)/m, where ṁ is the mass flow rate of the expelled gases, vₑ is the exhaust velocity, and m is the rocket's instantaneous mass. Thus, acceleration is proportional to the first power (n = 1) of the velocity of the expelled gases, not inversely proportional.

When the same current passes through wires of different thickness, the thinner wire has higher resistance, causing more heat to be produced in it according to Joule's law (heat produced ∝ resistance × current² × time).

Water surface waves produced by a vibrating pencil are transverse waves because the water particles move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. While the waves are periodic due to the regular vibration, the question asks specifically about the type of wave, which is transverse.

In an inelastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved because some energy is transformed into other forms like heat or deformation. However, the total momentum of the system remains conserved as long as no external forces act on it.

The terminal potential difference becomes zero when the circuit conditions lead to no potential drop across the terminals, such as in a short-circuited ideal case where current is very high and terminal voltage drops to zero. Therefore, the correct answer is 0 V.

When electrical appliances are connected in parallel, each appliance receives the same potential difference (voltage) across it, but the current through each appliance can be different depending on its resistance. This ensures that each appliance operates independently at the same voltage.