Political Science

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands. This is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations and is well-known to be based in The Hague.

Pakistan's official stance on the FMCT is that the treaty should ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons after a cut-off date, but the issue of existing stockpiles should be addressed separately at regional or bilateral levels. Hence, option C correctly reflects Pakistan's position.

The United Nations has six official languages: English, French, Russian, Chinese, Arabic, and Spanish. These languages are used in meetings, official documents, and communications to ensure clear and inclusive communication among member states. Option D correctly lists all six official languages, although it contains a minor typo ('Arabian' should be 'Arabic'). Options A, B, and C are incomplete or incorrect as they omit some official languages or include incorrect ones.

Disarmament is commonly defined as the reduction or elimination of armaments, including the reduction of the number of weapons or the abolition of entire categories of weapons. It is not limited to complete abandonment but includes reducing armaments to lower levels. Authoritative sources such as NATO and United Nations documents define disarmament as the act of eliminating or reducing weapons, either unilaterally or reciprocally, and often as part of broader peace and security efforts. Therefore, the option 'Reduction of Armaments' is the most accurate and widely accepted meaning of disarmament. The option 'Abandonment of Armaments' is narrower and less commonly used as a definition. Hence, the correct answer is A: Reduction of Armaments.

The United Nations Security Council consists of 15 members: 5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent members elected for two-year terms. This structure is well-established and widely recognized.

Special Equity Courts are a feature of Pakistan's judicial system, established to handle specific types of cases related to equity and civil matters. They do not exist as such in America, England, or India under that exact name.

The Secretary General of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is appointed for a term of 3 years, which can be renewed. Therefore, option A is correct.

According to the official Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) website, the OIC currently has 57 member states. This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including the OIC's own member states page. Therefore, option B (57) is the correct answer. The previously stated 59 members is incorrect and outdated information.

The Conference of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is convened every three years, making option A correct. This summit is the highest decision-making body of the OIC.

The charter of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (formerly the Islamic Conference) was adopted in 1970, which is the correct year among the options provided. This marks the formal establishment of the organization.