Biology

Ants do not have noses like humans; instead, they use their antennae to detect smells. Therefore, ants have no noses.

Karl Landsteiner discovered the human blood groups in 1901, which was a groundbreaking discovery in medicine. The other options are known for different contributions: Edward Jenner for smallpox vaccine, William Harvey for circulation of blood, and 'Laren' is not a recognized figure in this context.

The Y chromosome is passed from father to son because only males have a Y chromosome, which they inherit from their father. Mothers do not have a Y chromosome to pass on.

The adrenal gland produces hormones like adrenaline that are responsible for the body's fight-or-flight response, which is associated with heightened emotions such as fear and excitement.

Essential thrombocythemia is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the bone marrow producing too many platelets, leading to an increased risk of clotting or bleeding complications.

Arthrology is the branch of science that studies joints, their structure, function, and diseases. The other options refer to different fields: Esthesiology relates to sensation, Splanchnology to internal organs, and Anthropology to human societies and cultures.

In thrombocytopenia, the blood has too few platelets. The bone marrow typically responds by producing too many platelets in an attempt to compensate for the low platelet count in the blood.

The normal platelet count range is typically 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter (µL) of blood, which corresponds to 1.5 lac to 4.5 lac per microliter. Option B correctly states this range with the appropriate units.

The 'Blink snake' is not a recognized species of snake, whereas the Glass snake, Sea snake, and Tree snake are all types of snakes or legless lizards commonly referred to as snakes. Therefore, 'Blink snake' is not a true snake.

The skin is composed of three primary layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue). These layers together perform protective, sensory, and regulatory functions.

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and is a type of nucleic acid that carries genetic information in living organisms. Therefore, it is correctly described as a class of nucleic acids.

Dmitry Ivanovsky is credited with the discovery of viruses in 1892 when he studied the tobacco mosaic disease and found that the infectious agent could pass through filters that trapped bacteria, indicating a new type of pathogen.

The Peregrine Falcon is known to reach diving speeds of up to approximately 240 miles per hour, making it the fastest bird. This speed is well documented in ornithological studies.

Vitamin B7, also known as biotin, deficiency commonly causes symptoms such as hair loss, skin rashes, and neurological issues. Pellagra is related to niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency, muscle weakness is a general symptom but not specific to B7, and xerophthalmia is due to vitamin A deficiency.

The calcaneus is the large bone forming the heel of the human foot, making option A the correct answer.

Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that contains iodine atoms, which are essential for its biological activity. Insulin and adrenaline do not contain iodine.

The left ventricle pumps fully oxygenated blood into the aorta, which then distributes it throughout the body. The other chambers either handle deoxygenated blood or receive blood rather than pump it to the body.

Mesosomes in bacteria are infoldings of the plasma membrane that are believed to perform functions similar to mitochondria, such as cellular respiration and energy production, since bacteria lack mitochondria.

The voice box is medically known as the larynx, which houses the vocal cords responsible for sound production. The other options refer to different parts of the respiratory or digestive system.

Enzymes are biological catalysts primarily made up of proteins, which help speed up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process.

Banana plants are monocarpic, meaning they flower only once in their lifetime before dying. Other options like Mango, Ground Nut, and Peach flower multiple times.

Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, which is the soft tissue inside bones responsible for hematopoiesis (blood cell formation). The other options do not produce red blood cells.

Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH), also known as Vasopressin, is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. It helps regulate water balance in the body by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys.

White blood cells (WBC) are called the 'soldiers' of the body because they defend against infections and foreign invaders, protecting the body from disease.

Hummingbirds have extremely rapid heart rates to support their high metabolism, often exceeding 1200 beats per minute during flight, making option D the most accurate.