Biology

The lacrimal glands are responsible for secreting tears, which help lubricate and protect the surface of the eyes. The other glands listed do not produce tears.

Dolly is famously known as the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell, specifically a sheep, making option A correct.

The primary function of the kidney is to remove waste products and excess substances from the blood, forming urine. This helps maintain the body's chemical balance and remove toxins.

The average adult resting pulse rate typically ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, with a common average around 72-80 bpm, making option C the most accurate choice.

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to body tissues. This is its primary function, making option A correct.

Red blood corpuscles, or red blood cells, are primarily formed in the bone marrow, which is the soft tissue inside bones responsible for hematopoiesis.

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that contains iron, which binds oxygen for transport in the blood. Iron is the main constituent responsible for oxygen binding, making option B correct.

The total blood volume in a normal adult human is approximately 5-6 liters, which is the widely accepted standard range in physiology.

Fruits that develop without fertilization and thus do not contain seeds are called parthenocarpic fruits. Bananas are a common example of such seedless fruits.

An adult human typically has 206 bones. This number can vary slightly due to anatomical differences, but 206 is the widely accepted standard count.

Most nutrient molecules are absorbed in the small intestine because it has a large surface area with villi and microvilli that facilitate nutrient absorption. The stomach mainly digests food, the liver processes nutrients but does not absorb them, and the large intestine absorbs water and some minerals, not most nutrients.

Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, making it a viral disease. Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), malaria by a protozoan parasite (Plasmodium species), and cholera by bacteria (Vibrio cholerae).

A newly born infant has approximately 270 to 300 bones, which later fuse to form the 206 bones found in an adult human skeleton. Therefore, option D (300) is the closest and correct answer.

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a common eye condition where distant objects appear blurry because the eye focuses images in front of the retina instead of on it. Therefore, it is directly related to the eyes.

The external ear's shape is maintained by elastic cartilage, which provides both structure and flexibility. Fibrocartilage and articular cartilage are found in other parts of the body and do not contribute to the ear's shape.

Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH) is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, which regulates water balance in the body by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys.

Bacteriology is the branch of science that studies bacteria. Virology studies viruses, Mycology studies fungi, and Parasitology studies parasites.

Bacteriology is the branch of microbiology that focuses on the study of bacteria, including their structure, genetics, and ecology. The other options relate to different fields: virology (viruses), mycology (fungi), and parasitology (parasites).

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary muscles such as cardiac and smooth muscles, but it does not innervate skeletal muscles, which are controlled by the somatic nervous system.

A baby with blood type O+ cannot have an AB- mother because the mother with AB blood type has A and B alleles, so the baby cannot inherit O blood type from her. Also, the Rh factor incompatibility is possible, but the ABO incompatibility makes AB mother impossible for an O baby.

When a patient's immune system reacts to a drug, it is an allergic reaction, which is an immune-mediated hypersensitivity to the drug.

Epidemiology is the branch of microbiology and medicine that studies the occurrence, distribution, and control of diseases in human populations, making it the correct answer.

Pollination of flowers by birds is specifically termed 'ornithophily.' This term combines 'ornitho-' meaning bird, and '-phily' meaning attraction or affinity, accurately describing bird-mediated pollination.

The gene is the smallest unit of heredity because it is a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for a specific trait. Chromosomes contain many genes, and nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA, but genes are the functional units passed from parents to offspring.

Primatology is the scientific study of primates, including monkeys, apes, and related animals. Therefore, option B is correct as it directly defines the subject of primatology.