Biology

Pantothenic acid is the chemical name for vitamin B-5, which is essential for synthesizing coenzyme A and metabolizing fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

The spinal cord primarily controls reflex activities, which are automatic and rapid responses to stimuli, without involving the brain. It does not control thinking activities or sexual activities directly.

The spinal cord is divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions. 'Pelvic' is not a recognized region of the spinal cord, making option C the correct answer.

The average weight of a human male brain is approximately 1350 grams, which is supported by anatomical studies. This makes option C the correct choice.

Food typically remains in the small intestine for about 2 to 6 hours, where most nutrient absorption occurs before moving to the large intestine.

Female ova (egg cells) are haploid because they contain half the number of chromosomes of a diploid cell, which allows for the restoration of the diploid number upon fertilization.

The Zika virus was first identified in the Zika Forest of Uganda in 1947, which is why it was named after this location.

Cancer is commonly treated using chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which target and kill cancer cells. Antibiotics and vaccines are not standard treatments for cancer.

The term for an abnormally great desire for food and excessive eating is 'polyphagia' or 'hyperphagia.' These terms describe an intense, often insatiable hunger that persists despite eating and may lead to continual food-seeking behavior. Polyphagia is a symptom commonly associated with conditions such as diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and certain genetic disorders like Prader-Willi syndrome. 'Bulimia nervosa' is an eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like purging, and does not simply mean excessive eating. 'Dysphagia' refers to difficulty swallowing, and 'phagia' alone means eating or swallowing in general, not excessive eating. Therefore, none of the options A, B, or C correctly define the term for excessive eating or abnormally great desire for food, making 'None of the above' the correct answer.

The development of calf muscles in ladies who wear high heel sandals is an example of 'use and disuse of organ,' where frequent use of certain muscles leads to their development. This is a concept from Lamarckian theory, not artificial selection, which involves human-directed breeding.