International Organizations

The 10th BRICS Summit was held in 2018 in Johannesburg, South Africa. BRICS summits rotate among member countries, and South Africa hosted the 2018 meeting. The summit focuses on cooperation among Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.

The term "United Nations" was coined by Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II to describe the Allied countries fighting against the Axis powers. This is historically accurate and well-documented.

Bread for the World Institute is based in Washington, D.C. It is a well-known Christian advocacy organization focused on ending hunger and poverty globally.

The Middle East Treaty Organization (METO) and the Baghdad Pact refer to the same military alliance formed in 1955, which was later renamed the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO). This alliance aimed to counter Soviet influence in the Middle East.

BRICS was founded in 2006 as an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (which joined later). The initial formation and recognition of BRIC countries as a group occurred in 2006.

Oswaldo Aranha was the first President of the United Nations General Assembly, serving during its inaugural session in 1946. Therefore, option B is correct.

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was the first woman president of the United Nations General Assembly, elected in 1953. The other options were male diplomats who served in different UN roles but were not the first female president of UNGA.

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) was founded in 1945 after the end of World War II. Its aim is to promote international collaboration in education, science, and culture to build peace and security. Therefore, the correct answer is 1945.

Vietnam officially became a member of the United Nations in 1977. This is a well-documented historical fact, making option A the correct answer.

West Germany was admitted to NATO on 9 May 1955 as part of the post-World War II rearmament and integration into Western defense structures during the Cold War.

The All Pakistan Ulema Council was founded in 1989, making option B the correct answer. This council is a religious organization in Pakistan representing various Islamic scholars.

The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, which is a major hub for international organizations.

U Thant was the first Secretary-General of the United Nations who was promoted from within the UN Secretariat staff, unlike his predecessors who were appointed from outside the organization. This makes him the first Secretary-General elected from the rank and file of the UN staff.

Each member country can send an unlimited number of delegates to the UN General Assembly, so none of the fixed numbers given (5, 7, or 8) are correct. Therefore, 'None of these' is the correct answer.

Poland is considered an original member of the United Nations because it was one of the original signatories of the UN Charter, but it signed the Charter later than most other founding members due to the circumstances of World War II and its government in exile.

The President of the UN General Assembly serves a term of one year, corresponding to each session of the General Assembly.

The United Nations was officially established in San Francisco in 1945 during the United Nations Conference on International Organization, where the UN Charter was drafted and signed.

The Group of 77 (G77) was originally established in 1964 by 77 developing countries. Over time, its membership has expanded to include 134 countries as of the latest verified information. Despite the increase in membership, the original name 'Group of 77' has been retained for historic reasons. Therefore, the correct number of countries in the G77 coalition is 134, making option A the correct answer.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. This is a well-established fact and is the correct answer among the options provided.

The Education for Justice (E4J) initiative was launched by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) to promote ethics and the rule of law through education. This makes option D the correct answer.

The main objective of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is to stop terror financing and money laundering by setting international standards and promoting effective implementation of legal, regulatory, and operational measures.

According to the official World Health Organization (WHO) sources, the Executive Board is composed of 34 technically qualified members elected for three-year terms. This is confirmed by the WHO website and official WHO documents from recent Executive Board sessions. Therefore, the correct answer is option B (34), not A (32).

The International Olive Oil Council (IOC) was established in 1959 in Madrid, Spain, which is the correct location among the options provided.

Guyana and Suriname are both member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), yet neither country has a Muslim-majority population; Muslims constitute only a small minority in each (well under 10% of the total population). While the OIC is comprised largely of Muslim-majority states, Guyana and Suriname are notable exceptions that participate in the organization despite their predominantly non-Muslim demographics. Therefore, the correct answer is 'C' (Both). The original answer 'D' (None) is incorrect because these two countries are non-Muslim members of the OIC.

The headquarters of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is located in Vienna, Austria. This is a well-known fact about the agency's main office location.