General Knowledge

Judges of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) serve a term of office of 9 years, as established by the ICJ Statute. This term length allows for continuity and independence in the court's judicial functions.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) was established on 19 December 1966, with its inaugural meeting held in Tokyo, Japan. This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including the official Asian Development Bank website and Wikipedia. The question's original correct answer was A (1964), which is incorrect. The correct founding year is 1966, corresponding to option B in the original question. However, since the options in the question are A: 1964, B: 1966, C: 1968, D: 1970, and the correct year is 1966, the correct answer should be B. But the user-provided correct_answer is A, which is 1964, and the explanation states the correct year is 1966 (option B). Therefore, the question needs correction: the correct_answer should be B, and the explanation should state that the ADB was established in 1966, not 1964. The search results confirm the establishment year as 1966. Hence, the corrected question is: "When was the Asian Development Bank established?" with options A: 1964, B: 1966, C: 1968, D: 1970, and correct_answer: B. The explanation is updated accordingly. Confidence is 100% as multiple reliable sources confirm the founding year as 1966.

Harappa, located near Sahiwal, was a major urban center of the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world's earliest urban cultures dating back to around 2500 BCE.

The United Nations recognizes six official working languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. These languages are used in meetings and official documents.

First Women Bank Limited commenced its business on 2nd November 1989, making option A the correct answer. This is a well-documented fact about the bank's establishment date.

Sunlight is composed of seven colors, which are commonly identified as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. These seven colors form the visible spectrum seen in a rainbow.

Taipei is the capital city of Taiwan, making option C the correct answer. The other options are countries with different capitals.

Denmark's national anthem, "Kong Christian stod ved højen mast," is considered the oldest national anthem in the world, dating back to the early 16th century. The other options have anthems that were adopted later.

The World Economic Forum is headquartered in Cologny, Switzerland, which is a municipality near Geneva. This is the official and well-known location of its main office.

Eyeglasses were invented in Italy in the late 13th century, with the earliest credible evidence pointing to around 1286-1290. Multiple authoritative sources confirm that the invention of eyeglasses occurred between 1268 and 1300, with 1286 being the commonly accepted approximate year. Therefore, option B (1286) is the correct answer, not option D (1486).

The Pashtuns are the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan, followed by the Tajiks, who form the second largest group. This is a well-established demographic fact about Afghanistan's ethnic composition.

Sana'a is the capital city of Yemen, making option D the correct answer. The other options are capitals of different countries.

On 23 March 2018, the President of Pakistan, Mamnoon Hussain, conferred various civil awards and medals during an investiture ceremony. However, there is no official or widely recognized record of a new medal named 'Tamgha-e-Azam' being announced on that date. The awards conferred included established medals such as Nishan-e-Pakistan, Nishan-e-Imtiaz, Hilal-e-Imtiaz, Sitara-e-Pakistan, and Sitara-e-Shujaat. The option 'Tamgha-e-Azam' does not appear in official records or credible sources as a newly announced medal on 23 March 2018. Therefore, the question as originally stated is factually incorrect regarding the announcement of a new medal named 'Tamgha-e-Azam'. Since the other options are established awards and no new medal named 'Tamgha-e-Azam' was announced, the question should be corrected to reflect that no new medal was announced on that date or that the question is invalid as stated. Given the options, none correctly answer the question as posed. The best correction is to clarify that no new medal named 'Tamgha-e-Azam' was announced on 23 March 2018. Hence, the original answer 'D' is incorrect as a new medal announcement. The correct factual information is that no new medal named 'Tamgha-e-Azam' was announced on 23 March 2018 by the President of Pakistan.

Mirza Ghalib, the renowned Urdu and Persian poet, was born on 27 December 1797. This date is well-documented in historical records and biographies about him.

Islam Karimov was the first president of Uzbekistan, serving from 1991 until his death in 2016. The other options held different political roles but were not presidents.

Narinder Kapany is widely recognized as the 'father of fiber optics' for his pioneering work in the development of optical fibers for communication. Samuel Cohen invented the cladding technique for optical fibers, but Kapany's contributions are foundational to the field.

The International Day of Forests is observed every year on March 21. This day was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in 2012 to raise awareness about the importance of all types of forests. Multiple authoritative sources, including the United Nations and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), confirm that March 21 is the official date for this observance.

The United Nations officially came into existence on October 24, 1945, which is celebrated annually as United Nations Day, marking its official birthday.

Dr. Abdus Salam was born in Jhang, Pakistan. This is a well-documented fact about the Nobel laureate physicist.

The oldest continuously used national flag is that of Denmark, known as the Dannebrog, which dates back to the 13th century. This makes it the oldest flag in the world still in use today.

Ablutophobia is the specific term for the fear of bathing or washing. The other options refer to different phobias: Agoraphobia is fear of open or crowded spaces, Acrophobia is fear of heights, and Hydrophobia is fear of water but more commonly associated with rabies symptoms.

The Hawaiian Islands were historically known as the 'Sandwich Islands,' a name given by Captain James Cook in honor of the Earl of Sandwich. None of the other options were referred to by this name.

Pakistan Television (PTV) was launched on 26 November 1964 during the presidency of Ayub Khan. Although Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was the Minister of Information at the time and played an instrumental role in the development of PTV, the television network started under the regime of President Ayub Khan. Therefore, the correct answer is Ayub Khan.

According to the official United Nations website and related authoritative sources, non-permanent members of the UN Security Council are elected for a term of two years. Each year, five of the ten non-permanent seats are elected by the General Assembly for a two-year term. Therefore, the correct answer is B (2 years), not C (3 years).

The official currency of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong dollar, which is distinct from the Taiwan dollar, Japanese yen, and Chinese yuan.