History

The Sur dynasty ruled northern India from 1540 to 1556, which totals approximately 16 years. This is confirmed by authoritative historical sources such as Encyclopaedia Britannica. Therefore, the correct answer is option B (16 years).

Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, was also a renowned Urdu poet known for his ghazals. None of the other listed Mughal kings are famous for Urdu poetry.

Emperor Zaheer Uddin Muhammad Babur was born in Andijan, which is located in present-day Uzbekistan. This is a well-documented historical fact about Babur's birthplace.

Lord Curzon issued the order to divide the province of Bengal into two parts on July 20, 1905, as part of the Partition of Bengal. This was a significant event in British India's history.

Captain William Hawkins first visited the Mughal court of Emperor Jahangir in 1606. This visit marked the beginning of English diplomatic relations with the Mughal Empire.

India and the USSR signed the Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation on 9 August 1971, just before the 1971 Indo-Pak war. This treaty established mutual strategic cooperation and was a significant factor in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. It was not signed on the occasion of the 1965 war. Therefore, the correct answer is B (1971 War). The treaty was a strategic move to strengthen ties between India and the USSR in the context of rising tensions with Pakistan and its allies, and it marked a shift from India's previous non-aligned stance.

Raja Man Singh was a trusted general and one of the Navaratnas (nine jewels) in the court of Mughal Emperor Akbar. He played a significant role in Akbar's military campaigns and administration.

Fakir Aziao Din was a well-known religious scholar in Emperor Akbar's court, recognized for his spiritual and religious contributions. The other options were notable figures but not primarily known as religious scholars.

"Majma' ul Baharain" or "The Mingling of Two Oceans" was authored by Dara Shikoh, a Mughal prince known for his interest in comparative religion and philosophy. This work reflects his efforts to find common ground between Islam and Hinduism.

After the Indian War of Independence in 1857, the British government took direct control of India from the East India Company through the Queen's Proclamation of 1858, which marked the beginning of the British Raj.

The Khilji dynasty ruled parts of India approximately from 1290 to 1320, which is about 30 years. This period marks their control over the Delhi Sultanate before being succeeded by the Tughlaq dynasty.

Pakistan played a crucial role in facilitating the secret diplomatic communications that led to President Nixon's 1972 visit to China, helping to re-establish ties between the US and China during the Cold War.

Tansen, also known as Ramtanu, was a renowned musician in Emperor Akbar's court, famous for his exceptional musical talent and contributions to Hindustani classical music. While 'Singer' is close, 'Musician' is a broader and more accurate term encompassing his skills.

Raja Birbal was a renowned minister in Emperor Akbar's court, famous primarily for his wisdom and cleverness in solving problems and giving advice, which is why option A is correct.

Humayun became a homeless wanderer after his defeat by Sher Shah Suri at the Battle of Kanauj (also spelled Qanauj) in 1540. Prior to that, he was also defeated at the Battle of Chausa in 1539. These defeats forced him into exile, during which he sought refuge in Persia before eventually regaining his empire. The Battle of Panipat (1556) was fought by Akbar, Humayun's son, to consolidate Mughal power, not by Humayun himself. Therefore, the correct answer is 'C' - Qanauj.

The British East India Company annexed Punjab in 1849 after the Second Anglo-Sikh War, marking the end of Sikh rule and the incorporation of Punjab into British India.

The Baburnama was originally written by Babur in Chagatai Turkish and later translated into Persian by his court historian, Mirza Abd al-Rahim, but none of the options A, B, or C correctly identify the translator. Therefore, 'None of these' is the correct choice.

The Poona Pact was signed on September 24, 1932, between Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi. It was an agreement to provide reserved seats for the depressed classes (Dalits) in the provincial legislatures, replacing the British government's Communal Award which had proposed separate electorates for Dalits. This pact ensured increased representation for Dalits within the Hindu electorate rather than separate electorates. The correct year is 1932, which corresponds to option C.

Harry Lumsden and William Hodson introduced the khaki (brown) uniform in 1848 for British troops in India to provide better camouflage in the dusty environment. This innovation marked a significant change from the traditional bright red uniforms.

Mullah Do Piyaza is historically known as an advisor and witty courtier during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar, often depicted as a clever and humorous figure in Akbar's court. Hence, 'Advisor' is the most accurate description among the options.

The Lodhi dynasty ruled parts of northern India from 1451 to 1526, which is approximately 75 years. This period marks the rule of the Lodhi dynasty over the Delhi Sultanate until their defeat by Babur at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, which ended their reign. Therefore, the correct duration of their rule is about 75 years, making option C the correct answer.

The city of Hyderabad was originally known as Bhagyanagar and was renamed Hyderabad by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah in 1591. 'Nerunkot' is not a historically recognized name for Hyderabad, so none of the given years (1765, 1768, 1775) correspond to a name change from Nerunkot to Hyderabad.

The Moplah Rebellion of 1921 occurred in the Malabar region of Kerala, India. It was a significant uprising by the Muslim Mappila community against British authority and Hindu landlords.

Mohammad Bin Tughlaq is historically credited with introducing leather token currency in India as an experiment to address coin shortages. This makes option B correct.

The Quit India Movement was launched in 1942 as a direct response to the Cripps Proposals, which were seen as inadequate by Indian leaders. The movement demanded an end to British rule in India.