History

The Quit India Movement of 1942 was indeed led by Mahatma Gandhi and was largely non-violent in its initial call. However, it was not entirely non-violent as some violent incidents occurred during the movement, making option B incorrect as a statement about the movement. The movement was spontaneous and did not significantly attract the labor class, making options C and D true observations. Therefore, option B is the correct choice for the statement that is not true.

Mughal painting is widely regarded to have reached its peak under Emperor Jahangir, who was a great patron of the arts and encouraged detailed and naturalistic styles in painting.

The last major territorial expansion of British India occurred under Lord Dalhousie's tenure as Governor-General (1848-1856), who implemented the Doctrine of Lapse and annexed several princely states, significantly extending British control.

Maulana Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi was the founder and the first principal of Darul Uloom Deoband, not Maulana Mamluk Ali. Therefore, option A is correct. The other options are incorrect or irrelevant to this historical fact.

During the Mughal period, Surat was famously known as Babul Makka (Gate of Makkah) because it was a major port for pilgrims traveling to Mecca. The other ports listed were important but did not carry this specific title.

During the Indian War of Independence in 1857, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was posted in Bijnaur as a British government official. This position influenced his views and later educational reforms.

The Battle of Dharmat was fought on 15 April 1658 near Dharmat in the Malwa region between the forces of Prince Aurangzeb and the imperial army loyal to Dara Shikoh, commanded by Maharaja Jaswant Singh Rathore of Marwar. This battle was part of the Mughal war of succession and marked Aurangzeb's first major victory. Ahmad Shah Durrani and the Marathas were not involved in this battle, nor were Babur and Afghans or Muhammad Ghori and Jai Chand. Therefore, the correct answer is D: Aurangzeb and Dara Shikoh.

The British removed the ruler of Awadh (Oudh) on the pretext of misgovernance in 1856, which was a key event leading up to the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Jhansi, Satara, and Nagpur were also annexed but under different pretexts or circumstances.

The First Battle of Tarain (1191) was fought between Mohammad Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan. This battle marked a significant conflict between the invading Ghurid forces led by Mohammad Ghori and the Rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan.

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan established the Translation Society, which was later renamed the Scientific Society, in 1864 in Aligarh. The society aimed to translate Western scientific and literary works into Urdu to promote modern education among Indian Muslims. Although Sir Syed had earlier postings in places like Bijnaur and Ghazipur, the founding of the Scientific Society took place in Aligarh, which later became the center of his educational reform movement, including the establishment of the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College (later Aligarh Muslim University).

Gandhiji started the Civil Disobedience Movement by violating the Salt Laws, notably through the Salt March in 1930, to protest British salt monopoly and taxation.

The Quit India Movement was launched by the Indian National Congress in August 1942, specifically on August 8, 1942, demanding an end to British rule in India.

Henry Vivian Derozio was the leader and a prominent figure of the Young Bengal Movement, which was a radical group of young intellectuals in early 19th century Bengal advocating social reform and free thinking.

The Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental (MAO) College at Aligarh was founded by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in 1877. This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including Encyclopaedia Britannica. Therefore, the correct answer is 1877, corresponding to option C.

The Second Battle of Tarain (1192) was the decisive battle where Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj Chauhan, opening the Delhi area to his control. This battle marked the beginning of Muslim rule in Northern India.

Kashmir was sold to Gulab Singh in 1846 under the Treaty of Amritsar, where the British sold the region to him after the First Anglo-Sikh War.

The East India Company was granted permission by the Mughal governor Shah Shuja in 1651 to trade duty-free in Bengal in return for an annual payment of 3,000 rupees. This permission included the right to establish a permanent factory on the banks of the Hooghly River, which became the Company’s first trading post in Bengal. This event marked the beginning of the Company’s trade in Bengal and the foundation of its presence in the region. The other options (B) Calcutta, (C) Burdwan, and (D) Singur are not historically accurate as the place where the Company first obtained permission to trade and build a factory in Bengal in 1651. The factory was established on the banks of the Hooghly River near the area that later developed into Calcutta, but the specific permission was granted for the Hooghly factory, not directly for Calcutta in 1651. The year 1651 is correct for the Mughal farman granting trade privileges and factory establishment in Bengal.

Chand Bardai lived in the 12th century, which predates the Mughal period that began in the early 16th century. Therefore, he cannot be considered the first Hindi scholar of the Mughal period. Malik Muhammad Jayasi, a 16th-century Sufi poet, is recognized as the first notable Indian Hindi scholar of the Mughal period. He wrote the epic poem 'Padmavat' in the Awadhi dialect of Hindi and is considered a pioneering figure in Hindi literature during the Mughal era. Hence, the correct answer is Malik Muhammad Jayasi (option B).

Dr. Zakir Husain was the third President of India. He served from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969. Therefore, the correct ordinal number is 'third', which corresponds to option B. This is confirmed by official sources including the President of India website and other authoritative references on Indian Presidents.

Fort St. George, constructed in 1644 in Madras (now Chennai), was the first major British fort built in India, serving as the foundation for British presence in the region. The other forts were established later.

The Tomb of Babur is located in Kabul, Afghanistan, specifically in the historic Bagh-e Babur garden. Babur, the first Mughal emperor, died in 1530 and was initially buried in Agra against his wishes. Later, between 1539 and 1544, Sher Shah Suri reinterred him in Kabul in the garden that Babur had established. The tomb is a significant cultural and historical site in Kabul, marked by a marble screen originally built by Shah Jahan and restored in recent times. Therefore, the correct answer is B (Kabul).

The book "Indian Musalmans" published in 1871 was written by Syed Ameer Ali, a prominent Muslim scholar and reformer. The other options are notable figures but did not author this specific work.

Subuktigin, a Turkish slave, became the master of Ghazni in 965 A.D. This is a well-documented historical fact marking the beginning of the Ghaznavid dynasty.

The Swadeshi movement was launched in 1905 primarily to oppose and reverse the Partition of Bengal by the British colonial government. It aimed to promote Indian goods and boycott British products as a form of protest.

Feroz Shah Tughlaq is historically known for constructing five canals to alleviate water scarcity and improve irrigation in his kingdom, which was a significant contribution to agricultural development during his reign.