Islamic Studies

The Battle of Khaybar (Ghazwa e Khyber) took place in the 7th year after Hijrah (7 Hijri), which corresponds to 628-629 CE. This is confirmed by multiple reliable Islamic historical sources and encyclopedias such as IslamicFinder, Al-Islam.org, and Britannica. Therefore, the correct answer is option C (7 Hijri). The original question had the correct answer as B (6 Hijri), which is incorrect and has been corrected here.

The literal meaning of 'Salawt' (or 'Salat') in Arabic is 'prayer.' It specifically refers to the Islamic ritual prayer and does not literally mean communication or contract. Therefore, option C is correct.

The first formal treaty made by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) with a non-Muslim community was the Constitution of Medina (also known as the Charter or Treaty of Medina) in 622 CE. This treaty was an agreement between the Muslim emigrants from Mecca (Muhajirun), the native Muslim helpers of Medina (Ansar), the Jewish tribes of Medina (Banu Qaynuqa, Banu Nadir, and Banu Qurayza), and the pagan Arab tribes of Medina. It established a multi-religious political community (the ummah) with mutual obligations including defense, religious freedom, and dispute resolution. The treaty with the Christian community of Abyssinia (modern Ethiopia) was not a formal treaty but rather a historical migration and protection granted to early Muslims. The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah with the Quraysh of Mecca came later in 628 CE. Therefore, the correct answer is "None of these" since the options Abyssinia, Madina, and Makkah do not accurately represent the first treaty with a non-Muslim community as described. The Constitution of Medina included non-Muslim communities but was not a treaty with a single external non-Muslim community like Abyssinia.

Hazrat Zaid bin Sabit (R.A) was appointed by Caliph Abu Bakr (R.A) to collect and compile the Quran into a single book form after the Battle of Yamama, ensuring the preservation of the Quranic text.

Abu Jahl was a prominent opponent of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) and is historically known for his hostility and for urging the Quraysh tribe to take collective action against the Prophet, including the suggestion to kill him by attacking all at once. This aligns with historical Islamic sources on the opposition faced by the Prophet.

The Battle of Badr (Ghazwa e Badar) took place in the 2nd year after Hijrah (2 AH). It occurred on the 17th of Ramadan in 2 AH, which corresponds to 13 March 624 CE. Therefore, the correct answer is A (2 Hijri).

Istelam is the act of greeting or saluting the Hajre Aswad (Black Stone) during the Tawaf around the Kaaba. It involves saying 'Salam' (peace) to the Hajre Aswad, not kissing it directly. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Salam to Hajre Aswad'.

According to authentic Hadith, the best person among all is the one who has knowledge of the Quran, as it guides righteous behavior and understanding of Islam. This is supported by numerous sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

The Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) had two sons, Qasim and Abdullah, both of whom died in infancy. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.

In Islam, there are five obligatory (fard) prayers each day: Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha. This is a fundamental aspect of Islamic practice.