Islamic Studies

The Hijra, the migration of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar and started in the 12th year of Prophethood (Nabawat) on the 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal. This date is traditionally accepted as the start of the Hijri calendar year and is historically consistent with Islamic sources. The Prophet's birth also occurred in the month of Rabi-ul-Awwal, 53 years before the Hijra, on the 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal, which is why this month is significant in Islamic history.

Hazrat Bibi Zainab (R.A) was the daughter of Hazrat Ali (R.A) and Hazrat Fatimah (R.A), who was the daughter of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and Khadija bint Khuwaylid. Therefore, Bibi Zainab was the granddaughter of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW), not his daughter. The original question incorrectly states that she was the daughter of the Prophet. The correct mother of Bibi Zainab is Fatimah bint Muhammad, and her father is Ali ibn Abi Talib.

In Islamic practice, the minimum number of persons required to perform Namaz (prayer) in congregation (Ba-Jamaat) is two: the Imam and at least one follower. This is why option B (2) is correct.

According to Islamic tradition, Prophet Nuh (Noah) (A.S) is considered the first prophet after Adam and is traditionally credited with many early human advancements. While there is no explicit detailed hadith or Quranic verse stating he invented the comb, classical Islamic teachings and scholarly narrations often attribute the invention of basic tools like the comb to early prophets such as Nuh (A.S). The other options (Daud, Ibrahim, Sulaiman) are not traditionally linked to the invention of the comb. Therefore, option A is the most accurate answer based on Islamic tradition.

Hazrat Umer (R.A) is historically credited with introducing the police system (Shurta) during his caliphate to maintain law and order in the Islamic state. This system was formalized under his leadership, distinguishing him from his predecessors.

Abd Ar-Rahman I, also known as Abd Ar Rehman Ad-Dakhil, was the first Muslim Caliph (Emir) of Spain, establishing the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in 756 AD after fleeing the Abbasid overthrow in Damascus. The other options are not historically recognized as rulers of Muslim Spain.

The Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) personally participated in the construction of Masjid-e-Quba, which is the first mosque built in Islam. This mosque holds special significance as it was established upon his migration to Medina.

The 26th Para (Juz') of the Holy Qur’an is known as 'Wa Mali'. The other options are not names of any Para but are phrases or words from different parts of the Qur’an.

Tafsir al-Tabari is a famous Quranic exegesis written by Hazrat Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari R.A, a renowned Islamic scholar and historian. He is widely recognized as the author of this significant work in Islamic studies.

The book "Kitab al Amwal" (The Book of Revenue) was authored by Abu Yusuf, a prominent Islamic jurist and student of Imam Abu Hanifa. He is well-known for his contributions to Islamic finance and jurisprudence, including this work on fiscal matters.