Pakistan Studies

The Independence Act of 1947 was the first document that set the pace for the constitution-making process in Pakistan by legally partitioning British India and creating Pakistan as a separate state. The Objectives Resolution came later as a guiding principle for the constitution, not as the initial document.

The Durand Line was established in 1893 as the international border between the Emirate of Afghanistan and British India. The agreement was signed on 12 November 1893 by Sir Mortimer Durand and Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. A joint British-Afghan survey demarcated much of the border between 1894 and 1896. The final section near the Khyber Pass was formally demarcated in the 1921 Treaty of Kabul. Therefore, the correct year of demarcation is 1893, not 1897 as originally stated.

Kakul in Abbottabad is best known in Pakistan as the location of the Pakistan Military Academy (PMA), which is the premier officer training institution of the Pakistan Army. The PMA was established in 1947 and is situated in Kakul, Abbottabad. The Army Medical College is a separate institution and is not specifically associated with Kakul. Therefore, the correct answer is C, Pakistan Military Academy.

The Constitution of 1962 in Pakistan established a presidential system of government. It abolished the office of the Prime Minister and vested almost all executive powers in the President. The President was the head of state and government, appointed the Council of Ministers, controlled the provincial governors, had supreme command of the armed forces, and had significant legislative powers including summoning, proroguing, and dissolving the National Assembly. Therefore, the Constitution of 1962 gave more power to the President, not the Prime Minister.

Justice (retd) Nasirul Mulk served as the Caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan in 2018, overseeing the general elections that year. The other options are incorrect as Maleeha Lodhi is a diplomat and Tassaduq Hussain Jilani was a former Chief Justice but not the caretaker PM.

Direct Action Day was observed on August 16, 1946. It was called by the All-India Muslim League, led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, to demand the creation of a separate Muslim homeland, Pakistan. The day led to widespread communal riots, especially in Calcutta, and is considered a pivotal event in the Pakistan Movement. Therefore, the correct answer is option D: August 16, 1946.

The master plan of Islamabad was prepared by C.A. Doxiadis, a Greek architect and town planner, who was commissioned to design the city in the 1960s. This is a well-documented fact in urban planning history related to Pakistan.

The ruins of Harappa are located in the Punjab province of Pakistan, specifically in the Sahiwal District. Harappa is about 24 kilometers west of the city of Sahiwal and approximately 100 kilometers southwest of Lahore. It is not located in Multan, Okara, or Lahore districts. Therefore, the correct answer is D (Sahiwal).

The second session of the All India Muslim League was indeed held at the residence of Nawab Muzzamil Ullah Khan in Aligarh. This is supported by multiple historical sources including detailed archives and educational resources. Nawab Muzzamil Ullah Khan was a prominent leader and trustee of the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College (later Aligarh Muslim University), and his residence served as the venue for the second session. This fact is well documented in historical records and scholarly works on the Muslim League's early history.

Pakistan gained independence on August 14, 1947, which corresponds to Ramadan 27, 1366 AH in the Islamic calendar. Therefore, option B is the correct Islamic date of independence.

The Airport Security Force (ASF) in Pakistan operates under the administrative control of the Pakistan Army, not the Civil Aviation Authority. This is because ASF is a paramilitary organization responsible for airport security and is managed by the military.

The tenure of both the National Assembly and Provincial Assemblies in Pakistan is five years, as per the Constitution of Pakistan, unless dissolved earlier.

Anwaar ul Haq Kakar's caretaker government became Pakistan's longest-serving caretaker setup, surpassing previous caretaker governments in duration. This is a notable fact in recent Pakistani political history.

Akhwand Azizullah is historically recognized as the first person to translate the Holy Quran into Sindhi, making option A correct. The other options are notable figures but not credited with this translation.

Fatima Jinnah, known as Madr-e-Millat, died in 1967. This is a well-documented historical fact in Pakistan's history.

SNGPL stands for Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited, which is the correct full form of the company name.

According to the Constitution of Pakistan, the Prime Minister submits his resignation to the President. This is the formal procedure for resignation of the Prime Minister.

The Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College, which later became Aligarh Muslim University, was founded by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in 1875. The first principal of the college was Henry George Impey Siddons. Theodore Beck succeeded Siddons as principal in 1883. Therefore, the correct answer is Henry Siddons (option C).

Sachal Sarmast is renowned as the poet of seven languages because he composed poetry in multiple languages including Sindhi, Persian, Arabic, and others, showcasing his linguistic versatility. This distinguishes him among Sindhi Sufi poets in Pakistan.

Anwaar ul Haq Kakar became the longest-serving Caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan, serving from 14 August 2023 to 4 March 2024, a tenure of about six months and nineteen days. Previously, Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi held the caretaker position for about three months in 1990, which was the longest tenure until Kakar's term. Shahbaz Sharif and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto were not caretaker prime ministers; they served as regular prime ministers.

Muhammad Bin Qasim led the Muslim conquest of Sindh in 712 A.D., establishing Muslim rule in the region. The other options are historically from different periods and unrelated to this event.

Pakistan's Majlis-e-Shura, or Parliament, consists of two houses: the National Assembly (lower house) and the Senate (upper house). Therefore, the correct answer is 'Two'.

Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi was the first caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan, appointed on 6 August 1990 by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan. He served until 6 November 1990. Balakh Sher Mazari was the second caretaker Prime Minister, appointed in 1993. Moeenuddin Ahmad Qureshi and Mir Hazar Khan Khoso served as caretaker Prime Ministers later. This sequence is confirmed by multiple reliable sources including Wikipedia and news articles.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah opposed the Non-Cooperation Movement because he believed it was not in the best interest of Muslims and preferred constitutional methods over mass civil disobedience. This stance distinguished him from other Muslim leaders who supported the movement.

The All India Muslim League revised its objectives and mission notably during the Lucknow Pact in 1916, which marked a significant change in its political stance and vision towards cooperation with the Indian National Congress and representation of Muslim interests.