Pakistan Studies

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, also known as the 'Frontier Gandhi,' founded the Khudai Khidmatgar movement, a non-violent resistance against British colonial rule in India. This movement was notable for its emphasis on non-violence and social reform.

The Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation (PMDC) was established in 1962 to promote mineral exploration and development in Pakistan. Therefore, the correct founding year is 1962, corresponding to option C.

Islamabad was built as a new capital city in the 1960s and did not have an old name. Therefore, none of the options A, B, or C represent an old name of Islamabad, making 'None of These' the correct answer.

Karachi is divided into 18 towns, but the number of Union Councils is not 173, 175, or 178 as given in the options. According to recent official data, Karachi has a total of 125 Union Councils. Therefore, the correct answer is 'None of these'.

Pakistan joined SEATO in 1954 but did not withdraw in 1955 as originally stated. Authoritative sources including the U.S. Department of State and Encyclopaedia Britannica confirm that Pakistan formally withdrew from SEATO in 1973. This withdrawal was due to SEATO's failure to provide Pakistan with assistance in its conflict with India, especially after the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. SEATO itself was dissolved in 1977 after losing most of its members. Therefore, the correct year of Pakistan's withdrawal from SEATO is 1973, not 1955.

Makran Medical College is located in Turbat, which is in the Makran region of Balochistan, Pakistan. Therefore, option D is correct.

Maulana Mohammad Ali Johar's father's name was Mir Mohammad Muttaqi. This is a well-documented fact in historical records about his family background.

The highest peak in Sindh is Kesar or Kesar Peak, located in the Kirthar Range. Zardak and Loi Naikan are not recognized as the highest peaks in Sindh. Therefore, option A is correct.

Operation Zarb-e-Azb was launched by the Pakistan military on June 15, 2014, targeting militant hideouts in North Waziristan. This date is widely recognized as the official start of the operation.

The Wafaqi Mohtasib (Federal Ombudsman) of Pakistan was established on 24 January 1983 through the promulgation of the Wafaqi Mohtasib Ordinance. This is confirmed by official sources including the Wafaqi Mohtasib's own publications and government documents. Therefore, the correct year of establishment is 1983, which corresponds to option C.