General Knowledge

The World Food Programme (WFP), the main organization addressing global poverty and hunger, is headquartered in Rome, Italy. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), another key UN agency working on food security and hunger, is also based in Rome. None of the options given (Geneva, Moscow, Beijing, Washington) are Rome, but since the question asks for the headquarters of the organization primarily addressing poverty and hunger, the correct factual answer is Rome. Since Rome is not an option, the question options are factually incorrect. However, the original answer 'A' (Geneva) is not correct as Geneva is not the headquarters of WFP or FAO. The correct answer should be that none of the options are correct, but given the options, the question is flawed. The headquarters of the main organization addressing hunger (WFP) is in Rome, Italy.

The scientific study of the eyes and their diseases is called Ophthalmology. The correct spelling is 'Ophthalmology', which corresponds to option C despite the minor misspelling in the option text.

The Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1974, making option A the correct answer.

The judges of the International Court of Justice are elected by both the Security Council and the General Assembly of the United Nations, each voting independently. This ensures a balanced selection process representing different UN organs.

France provides the currency used by the Bank of Central African States (BEAC), which is the Central African CFA franc. This currency is guaranteed by the French Treasury and used by several Central African countries.

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) was established by the G-7 summit held in London in 1989 to combat money laundering and related threats to the international financial system.

Grozny is the capital city of Chechnya, a federal subject of Russia. The other options are capitals of different countries or regions unrelated to Chechnya.

The African Development Bank (AfDB) is headquartered in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. This is well-documented as the official location of its main offices, making option C correct.

Commonwealth Day is observed annually on the second Monday in March by its member countries. This date varies each year and is not fixed to a specific calendar date like March 24 or May 24. Historically, the day was known as Empire Day and was observed on May 24, Queen Victoria's birthday, but since 1977, Commonwealth Day has been celebrated on the second Monday in March. Therefore, none of the fixed dates given in the options (March 24, April 26, May 24) are correct. The correct answer is 'None of these'.

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), established in 1999, has its headquarters located in Montreal, Canada. This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including the official WADA website and the International Olympic Committee. Therefore, the correct answer is C (Montreal), not A (Geneva).

World Water Day is celebrated annually on 22nd March to raise awareness about the importance of freshwater and advocate for the sustainable management of freshwater resources.

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was established in 1964. The founding resolution was adopted by the UN General Assembly on December 30, 1964, marking the creation of a permanent UN organ dedicated to promoting trade, investment, and development for developing countries. This is confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including Columbia Law School research guides and the Encyclopedia Britannica. Therefore, the correct answer is option B (1964), not 1963 as originally stated.

NASDAQ is an American stock exchange, known as the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations, based in the United States.

Chennai is the new name of the city formerly known as Madras. The name was officially changed in 1996 to reflect the local Tamil heritage.

The Bonn Agreement was signed on December 5, 2001, in Bonn, Germany, to establish a transitional government in Afghanistan following the US-led invasion. This agreement laid the foundation for Afghanistan's political reconstruction.

The Iranian parliament is commonly known as the Majlis, and its formal name is the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Therefore, both options A and B correctly refer to the Iranian parliament, making option D the correct choice.

The capital of Kazakhstan was renamed from Astana to Nur-Sultan in 2019 in honor of the former president Nursultan Nazarbayev. However, in September 2022, the name was reverted back to Astana. Therefore, as of 2024, the capital of Kazakhstan is Astana, not Nur-Sultan.

The Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during re-entry into Earth's atmosphere on February 1, 2003, near the end of its 28th mission (STS-107). A piece of foam insulation broke off from the external fuel tank during launch and struck the left wing, damaging the thermal protection system. This damage allowed superheated air to penetrate the wing during re-entry, causing structural failure and the shuttle's breakup, resulting in the deaths of all seven crew members. The other options (Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis) did not suffer this fate on that date. Challenger was lost in 1986 during launch, Discovery and Atlantis completed many successful missions without such a disaster.

World Braille Day is celebrated on January 4th, which is the birthday of Louis Braille, the inventor of the Braille system. Therefore, the correct answer is January 4th.

The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is considered the only fertile desert due to its relatively higher rainfall and agricultural activity compared to other deserts. This makes option C the correct answer.

Jamal Ahmad Khashoggi was a columnist for The Washington Post, where he wrote about Saudi Arabian politics and human rights issues before his death in 2018.

Titan is the largest moon of Saturn, known for its dense atmosphere and surface lakes of methane and ethane. None of the other planets listed have a moon named Titan.

The Tugela Falls is located in South Africa, specifically in the Drakensberg of the Royal Natal National Park. It is one of the tallest waterfalls in the world, making South Africa the correct answer.

Vande Mataram was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his novel Anandamath, which played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.

The Great Dividing Range is a mountain range located in Australia, making option D the correct answer. It is the most substantial mountain range in the country and one of the longest in the world.