General Knowledge

According to the latest United Nations World Population Prospects 2024 and corroborated by U.S. Census Bureau data, the sixth most populated country in the world is Brazil. The top five are China, India, the United States, Indonesia, and Pakistan, followed by Brazil as the sixth. Pakistan ranks fifth, not sixth as the original question stated. Therefore, the correct answer is option B (Brazil).

The official currency of North Korea is the North Korean won, abbreviated as 'Won'. The other options are currencies of different countries: Franc (used in some African countries and formerly in France), Leu (Romania), and Shilling (used in East African countries).

A leap year occurs every 4 years and includes February 29. Among the options, 2020 was the most recent leap year with February 29 days.

The world's first newspaper is generally recognized as the "Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien," which was first printed in Strasbourg in 1605 by Johann Carolus. Strasbourg was part of the Holy Roman Empire at the time, located in what is now France near the German border, not in the UK. The UK did have early newspapers such as the "Oxford Gazette" (later the "London Gazette") starting in 1665, but these were not the first in the world. Therefore, the correct answer is China is incorrect, Japan is incorrect, USA is incorrect, and the UK is incorrect as the first newspaper's origin. The first newspaper was started in Strasbourg (Holy Roman Empire), which is closest to option A (China is incorrect but the question options do not include Strasbourg or Germany). Since the question options are countries and the first newspaper was not started in the UK, USA, or Japan, and China had early news sheets but not the first printed newspaper, the best correction is to specify the first newspaper was started in Strasbourg (Holy Roman Empire). Given the options, none are fully correct, but the original answer D (UK) is incorrect. The question should be corrected to reflect the first newspaper was started in Strasbourg (Holy Roman Empire, now France).

Sargodha is known as the City of Shaheens because it is home to the Pakistan Air Force Academy, where the emblem of the Shaheen (falcon) is prominently used, symbolizing strength and pride.

The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, also known as the Treaty of Rarotonga, was signed by countries including France, which has territories in the South Pacific. The United States, United Kingdom, and France are key nuclear powers relevant to the treaty's context, making France the correct answer.

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) was established by the G-7 summit held in London in 1989 to combat money laundering and related threats to the international financial system. Therefore, the correct answer is London, not Paris.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. This is a well-known fact about the organization's location.

Frederick Sanger was awarded the Nobel Prize twice, both times in Chemistry. He received it in 1958 for his work on the structure of proteins, especially insulin, and in 1980 for his contributions to DNA sequencing methods.

Zia ur Rehman, the then President of Pakistan, was the first Chairman of SAARC when the organization was established in 1985. The chairmanship rotates among member countries, and he was the inaugural chair.

The scientific study of spiders and related animals such as scorpions is called Arachnology. Osteology is the study of bones, and Pomology is the study of fruit cultivation, so these options are incorrect.

GD Bist is recognized as the world's fastest shorthand writer, holding records for his speed and accuracy in shorthand writing.

The Biafo Glacier, one of the longest glaciers outside the polar regions, is located in Pakistan's Karakoram mountain range. This makes option D the correct answer.

The University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, established in 1906 as the first agricultural university in Pakistan, is recognized as the country's first agriculture university. This makes option A the correct answer.

Alexei Leonov was the first person to walk in space during the Voskhod 2 mission in 1965. Yuri Gagarin was the first person in space (1961), Neil Armstrong was the first to walk on the Moon (1969), and Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in space (1963).

Approximately 80% of the world's goods trade by volume is carried on ships, making maritime transport the dominant mode for global trade in goods.

The Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) officially changed its name to the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation in 2011, but the decision was made in 1999 and implemented gradually. The formal name change was adopted at the 36th session of the Council of Foreign Ministers in 2009, and the new name was used officially from 2011 onward. Therefore, 2011 is the correct year for the name change.

International Day of Forests is celebrated annually on March 21 to raise awareness of the importance of all types of forests.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) was established when its Convention entered into force on 23 March 1950. Although its predecessor, the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), existed since the late 19th century, the WMO as an intergovernmental organization officially began in 1950. Therefore, option C (1950) is correct.

K2 is known as "Chogori" in Balti language and is often called the "Savage Mountain" due to its extreme difficulty and high fatality rate among climbers. This makes option C the correct answer.

The Damodar River is historically known as 'The Sorrow of Bengal' due to its frequent and devastating floods in the Bengal region before the construction of dams and flood control measures.

The Siachen Glacier is known as the highest battlefield in the world, located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas at an altitude of around 5,400 meters (17,700 feet).

The term 'E3' refers to the group of three major European countries: France, Germany, and Italy. This grouping is often mentioned in political and economic contexts within the European Union.

The Trusteeship Council of the United Nations suspended its operations in 1994 after completing its mission of supervising trust territories. The other organs, such as the International Court of Justice, the Secretariat, and the Economic and Social Council, continue to function.

The World Customs Organization (WCO) is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. The organization has had its headquarters at various locations within Brussels since its establishment, with the current address being Rue du Marché 30, B-1210 Brussels. Therefore, the correct answer is option C (Brussels), not A (Paris).