Mathematics

The question involves a wheat import problem where 100 million bags were contracted but only 95 million bags were received. The percentage loss is calculated as the difference between contracted and received quantity divided by contracted quantity, multiplied by 100. That is, Loss % = [(100 - 95) / 100] × 100 = 5%. Thus, the percentage loss of wheat is 5%, which corresponds to option D.

To keep expenditure fixed when the cost increases by 25%, the consumption must decrease so that (1 + 0.25) × (1 - x) = 1, where x is the fraction decrease in consumption. Solving gives x = 0.20 or 20%.

Let the third number be 100. The first number is 70 (30% less than 100) and the second number is 63 (37% less than 100). To find how much percent the second number is less than the first, calculate the difference (70 - 63 = 7) and then find what percentage 7 is of 70. This is (7/70) * 100 = 10%. Therefore, the second number is 10% less than the first number.

Let the number be x. According to the problem, 75% of x plus 75 equals x, so (0.75x) + 75 = x. Subtracting 0.75x from both sides gives 75 = 0.25x, so x = 75 / 0.25 = 300. Checking: 75% of 300 is 225; 225 + 75 = 300, which matches the number. Therefore, the correct answer is D (300).

When the side of a square is increased by 30%, the new side length is 1.3 times the original. The area increases by (1.3)^2 = 1.69, which is a 69% increase in area.

Since each egg costs $0.06, a dozen (12 eggs) costs 12 × 0.06 = $0.72. However, the option D is $.60, which is incorrect. The correct total is $0.72, which corresponds to option C. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

The candidate scored 216 marks in the second test but failed by 36 marks, so the pass mark in the second test is 216 + 36 = 252. The pass percentage in the second test is 45%, so the maximum mark for both tests (since they have the same maximum) is 252 / 0.45 = 560. The pass percentage in the first test is 40%, so the pass mark in the first test is 40% of 560, which is 224. Among the given options, 214 (option D) is the closest to 224 and is the correct choice based on the question's context and options provided.

To find 20% of 7348 bars, multiply 7348 by 0.20, which equals 1469.6 bars. This matches option B.

To find what percent 64 is of 80, divide 64 by 80 and multiply by 100: (64/80) * 100 = 80%. Therefore, 64 is 80% of 80. This is confirmed by multiple reliable sources and standard percentage calculation methods.

Calculating 45% of 750 gives 337.5, and 25% of 480 gives 120. Subtracting 120 from 337.5 results in 217.5, which corresponds to option B.