Pakistan Studies

As of 2026, the Constitution of Pakistan (1973) has been amended a total of 27 times. The 26th Amendment was passed recently in 2024, and the 27th Amendment was passed in 2025. Since the question asks for the total number of amendments passed by the Parliament, the closest and most accurate option given is 26 (option D). The 27th amendment is very recent and may not be reflected in all sources yet, but the question and options align best with 26 amendments passed. Therefore, option D remains correct with updated context.

The Khilafat Movement was launched in 1920 in British India to protest against the dismemberment of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I. This date is historically accurate and widely accepted.

The title "Rehbar-e-Sindh" (Leader of Sindh) was given to Sain Ghulam Muhammad Syed by Mirza Qaleech Baig, not by Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. This is confirmed by multiple sources including pakmcqs.com and historical references about Sain Ghulam Muhammad Syed. The other options are notable figures but are not associated with giving this title.

In the Nusrat Bhutto case, the Supreme Court of Pakistan applied the Doctrine of Necessity to validate the actions taken by the military regime, establishing that under certain circumstances, unconstitutional acts may be temporarily accepted to restore order.

Nawabshah was renamed Benazirabad in 2008 in honor of Benazir Bhutto. Therefore, the old name of Benazirabad is Nawabshah, making option C the correct answer.

When Mahmud Ghaznavi conquered Multan in 1006, the city was governed by Abu-al-Fateh, the local ruler. The other options were rulers of different regions or times.

Pakistan was a founding member of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), which was established in 1969. Therefore, Pakistan joined the OIC in 1969.

Pakistan conducted its nuclear tests in Chaghi in 1998, specifically in May 1998, making option A correct.

“Janam Guzarium Jin Sein” is a famous autobiography originally written in Sindhi by the author. Therefore, the correct language of the original work is Sindhi.

The national bird of Pakistan is the Chakor, also known as the Chukar partridge. It is a symbol of beauty and resilience in Pakistani culture.