English

Minamata disease is caused by mercury poisoning, just as insomnia is related to lead exposure in the analogy. Therefore, the correct answer is Mercury.

The pair 'Cool : Cold' shows a relationship of similarity in meaning, where both words describe a low temperature. Similarly, 'Pretty : Beautiful' are synonyms describing attractiveness, making option D the correct analogous pair.

The pair 'Defunct : Life' shows a relationship where 'defunct' means no longer living or functioning, which is the opposite or absence of 'life'. Similarly, 'Stagnant : Motion' shows the absence or opposite of motion, as stagnant means not moving. Hence, option A is the correct analogous pair.

The analogy compares a cause and its effect or solution. Exercise helps reduce obesity, just as water helps quench thirst. Therefore, 'Thirst' is the correct completion of the analogy.

The analogy 'Shield : Soldier' shows a protective item associated with a person who uses it. Similarly, 'Helmet : Rider' is a protective item used by a rider, making option C the correct analogous pair.

The pair 'Judge : Adjudicate' shows a person and the action they perform. Similarly, 'Mediator : Reconcile' pairs a person with the action they perform, making it the correct analogous pair. Other options do not show this clear person-to-action relationship.

The analogy 'Traffic : Road' shows a relationship where traffic moves on a road. Similarly, 'Aeroplane : Aerodrome' shows that an aeroplane moves or operates on an aerodrome (airport). Option C ('Blood : Veins') is incorrect because blood flows through veins, but the relationship is different from traffic being on a road; blood is contained within veins, not moving on them like traffic on a road.

A 'shoal' is a group of fish, so the analogous pair should be an animal and the correct collective noun for its group. 'Whale : Herd' is correct because a group of whales is called a herd. 'Shark : School' is incorrect because the collective noun for sharks is also a 'shiver' or 'school', but 'school' is more commonly used for fish, not sharks specifically. 'Herd' is more appropriate for whales.

The analogy compares a substance to one of its key properties: liquid is characterized by fluidity. Similarly, a comedian is characterized by humour, making option B the correct answer.

The pair 'Ecstasy : Pleasure' shows a relationship where 'Ecstasy' is an intense form of 'Pleasure'. Similarly, 'Rage : Anger' shows 'Rage' as an intense form of 'Anger'. The other options either show opposites or unrelated actions.