General Knowledge

The word 'philosophy' comes from the Greek 'philosophia,' which literally means 'love of wisdom.' This is the accepted etymology and meaning of the term.

Qian Sanqiang is widely recognized as the father of the Chinese atomic bomb due to his leading role in China's nuclear weapons development. The other options are notable physicists but not associated with this title.

Nancy Pelosi was the first woman to serve as Speaker of the US House of Representatives, making her the first female Speaker of the US Congress.

The tenure of the House of Representatives in the United States is two years, as members are elected every two years according to the U.S. Constitution.

P.K. Hitti was a renowned historian known for his extensive works on Arab history and civilization, making 'Arab' the correct answer.

Peshawar is considered one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in South Asia, with a history dating back over 2,000 years. It has been an important cultural and trade center due to its strategic location near the Khyber Pass. Therefore, the correct answer is Peshawar.

Shintoism is a traditional religion originating in Japan and is primarily practiced there. It is not a major religion in China, Russia, or Nepal.

The United Nations International Day for Tolerance is observed annually on 16 November to promote tolerance, respect, and appreciation of the rich variety of the world's cultures.

Scientists have identified new species of some of the largest dinosaurs ever discovered in China, such as the Mamenchisaurus and other giant sauropods. China is well-known for significant dinosaur fossil discoveries, including some of the largest species.

The Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valor "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of the United Kingdom and Commonwealth countries. It is not a civilian, academic, or political award.

China was the first country to detonate its initial nuclear device underground in 1964, whereas the USA and USSR conducted their first nuclear tests above ground, and North Korea's first nuclear test was underground but occurred much later, in 2006.

The Golden Bridge held up by giant concrete hands is a famous tourist attraction located in Vietnam, near Da Nang. It is well-known for its unique design featuring two enormous stone hands appearing to support the bridge.

The Roman numeral for 1000 is 'M'. The other options represent different values: L = 50, C = 100, and D = 500.

The Roman numeral for 50 is 'L'. The other options represent different values: 'C' is 100, 'D' is 500, and 'M' is 1000.

The Earth's equatorial circumference is approximately 24,901 miles, which is closest to option B (24,902 miles). This is a well-established scientific fact based on measurements of the Earth's size.

The British Parliament is commonly referred to as the 'Mother of Parliaments' because it is the oldest parliamentary institution and has served as a model for many other parliamentary systems worldwide.

The total surface area of the Earth is approximately 510 million square kilometers, which includes both land and water surfaces. This is a well-established scientific fact.

Pakistan ranks third in the world for the highest number of diabetic patients, following countries like China and India. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Third'.

The Labour Party of the UK was established in 1900, making option A the correct answer. This is a well-documented historical fact.

Nomadic people living in Central Asia were historically known as Mongols, who were famous for their nomadic lifestyle and empire-building under leaders like Genghis Khan. The other options are either incorrect or unrelated to Central Asian nomads.

The Five Star Movement is a political party founded in Italy, known for its anti-establishment and populist positions. Therefore, the correct answer is Italy.

In Hinduism, Brahma is known as the creator god, responsible for the creation of the universe and all living beings. This distinguishes him from Vishnu, the preserver, and Shiva, the destroyer.

Ulan Baatar, the capital of Mongolia, is known as the coldest capital city in the world due to its harsh continental climate with very cold winters, much colder than New Delhi, Islamabad, or Riyadh.

The lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia is called the State Duma. The Federation Council is the upper house, the Supreme Soviet was the legislature during the Soviet era, and 'House of Representatives' is not a term used in the Russian legislature.

South Sudan became an internationally recognized independent country in 2011, making it the newest recognized country in the world. Kosovo and East Timor gained recognition earlier, and North Sudan is not a recognized country.