Islamic Studies

In Islamic jurisprudence, the nisab (minimum threshold) for zakat on agricultural produce is five wasq (wisk), where one wasq equals sixty saa‘, and one saa‘ is four mudds. The total nisab is therefore 300 saa‘. The weight of this nisab is approximately 612 kilograms of average-quality grain. This is well above the options given in the original question. Among the options, 60 kg (option D) is the closest to a reasonable approximation if the question intended a smaller unit, but strictly speaking, the nisab is about 612 kg. The original options (40, 45, 50, 60 kg) are all significantly lower than the actual nisab weight. Therefore, the question and options should be corrected to reflect the accurate nisab weight, and the closest option is D (60 kg) if forced to choose from the given options, but ideally the question should state the nisab as approximately 612 kg.

The Quran is written in classical Arabic prose, specifically in a unique style that is neither typical prose nor poetry. It is known for its rhythmic and eloquent language but is classified as prose rather than poetry or a mix of both.

Tawaf-e-Rukan is considered a Wajib (obligatory) component of Hajj, meaning it must be performed for the Hajj to be valid. It is not Farz (mandatory like the main pillars), but Wajib is the correct classification for this ritual.

The majority of the Quran was revealed during the night, particularly during the month of Ramadan, as per Islamic tradition. This is why 'Night time' is the correct answer.

The first mosque built by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was Masjid e Quba, constructed shortly after his migration to Medina. This mosque holds historical significance as the earliest place of worship established by him.

Jumu'ah (Friday) prayer is obligatory for Muslim men but not for women. Women are allowed to attend but are not required to perform this congregational prayer. The other prayers listed (Maghrib, Isha, Fajr) are obligatory for both men and women.

Article 46 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973 specifically addresses the affairs of Zakat and Ushr, outlining the state's role in their collection and distribution. Therefore, option C is correct.

According to the Qur'an, hypocrisy (nifaq) is often described as a root cause of many evils, as it involves deceit and insincerity in faith, leading to various moral corruptions. While lying, alcohol, and backbiting are condemned, hypocrisy is emphasized as a fundamental evil that undermines faith itself.

Hazrat Fatima (R.A) is widely known as 'Khatoon-e-Jannat' (Lady of Paradise) due to her esteemed status in Islamic tradition. The title 'Khatoon-e-Mehshar' is not commonly attributed to her, making option A the correct choice.

There are three main types of Tawaf performed during Hajj and Umrah: Tawaf al-Qudum (arrival Tawaf), Tawaf al-Ifadah (main Tawaf during Hajj), and Tawaf al-Wada (farewell Tawaf). Therefore, the correct answer is three.