History

The 'Chain of Justice' was introduced by Sher Shah Suri to provide a direct and accessible way for his subjects to seek justice from the ruler, bypassing bureaucratic delays. This system involved a chain hung outside the royal court, which people could pull to get the king's attention.

James Augustus Hicky started the first English newspaper in India called 'Hicky's Bengal Gazette' in 1780. This is widely recognized as the first English-language newspaper in India.

The real name of Mughal Emperor Jahangir was Salim. He was known as Prince Salim before ascending the throne and adopting the regnal name Jahangir.

The Simon Commission was appointed by the British government in October 1927 to review the working of the Government of India Act 1919. This is a well-documented historical fact.

The British Indian government announced the partition of Bengal in 1905 primarily for administrative reasons, aiming to make the large province easier to govern. This was officially stated as the main reason, although it also had political motives to divide and weaken nationalist movements.

The Battle of Wandiwash (1760) was the decisive battle in the Anglo-French rivalry in India, leading to British dominance over French forces. The other battles listed occurred in different contexts or times and were not decisive in this rivalry.

The Indus Valley Civilization is widely believed to have declined due to a combination of factors including climate change and invasions by Indo-Aryan tribes. Among the given options, Aryans are historically considered the group associated with the civilization's decline.

Aurangzeb devoted the last 22 years of his life to the conquest of the Deccan region, from around 1681 until his death in 1707. This prolonged campaign significantly impacted the Mughal Empire's resources and stability.

The Partition of Bengal, which was enacted in 1905, was officially annulled by the British government on 11 December 1911. This date marks the formal announcement of the annulment, reversing the 1905 partition. The annulment was part of the British response to widespread protests and nationalist agitation against the partition. The capital of British India was also shifted from Calcutta to Delhi in the same year as part of the administrative reorganization.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was born on November 11, 1888. This is a well-documented historical fact, making option A the correct answer.

Agra Fort was built by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in the 16th century as a military structure and royal residence. The Red Fort was built later by Shah Jahan, while Daulatabad and Ahmednagar forts were not constructed by Akbar.

Babur was the founder and the first emperor of the Mughal dynasty in India, establishing Mughal rule in Hindustan in 1526 after the Battle of Panipat.

Bahadur Shah Zafar was the last Mughal emperor who ruled in Hindustan before the British formally ended the Mughal Empire after the 1857 rebellion. The other options were earlier Mughal rulers or incorrect.

Mahatma Gandhi represented the Indian National Congress at the 1st Round Table Conference held in London in 1930. He was the sole representative of Congress, aiming to negotiate India's constitutional reforms with the British government.

Lord Ripon is known as the father of Local Self-government because he introduced significant reforms in local governance in India during British rule, promoting local autonomy and democratic institutions.

Historical records indicate that Humayun received a famous diamond, which is widely believed to be the Kohinoor, from the family of Bikramjit, the ruler of Gwalior, who were in Agra at the time. This contradicts the claim that Humayun received the diamond from Sher Shah Suri. In fact, Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun and took possession of many of his assets, but there is no evidence that Sher Shah Suri gave the Kohinoor to Humayun. Therefore, the correct answer is 'D' - The ruler of Gwalior.

Ibadat Khana was a hall built by Emperor Akbar in Fatehpur Sikri where scholars of different religions gathered to discuss religious matters, making Fatehpur Sikri the correct location.

The Partition of Bengal was officially announced on 16 October 1905 but took effect on 15 October 1905, which is considered the date of partition. Therefore, 15 October 1905 is the correct date for the Partition of Bengal.

The Jama Masjid at Qutb Minar complex and the Alai Darwaza were constructed in Delhi during Alauddin Khilji's reign, making Delhi the correct location for these monuments.

Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire in India, originally came from the region of Farghana (in present-day Uzbekistan). This is historically accurate and well-documented.

Babur, the first Mughal emperor, is buried in Lahore, Pakistan. His tomb is a significant historical site located there, not in Kabul.

Ustad Mansur was a renowned painter during the reign of Mughal Emperor Jahangir, known for his detailed naturalistic paintings, especially of birds and animals. Therefore, the correct answer is Jahangir.

Agra city was founded by Malik Sultan Shah Lodi in the 15th century before Sikandar Lodhi's reign. Sikandar Lodhi later developed the city, but the founding is attributed to Malik Sultan Shah Lodi.

The Khayal system of music is traditionally attributed to Amir Khusrau, who is considered the founder of this genre in Indian classical music. The other options are not associated with the founding of Khayal.

During Akbar's reign, the head of the military department was known as the Mir Bakshi, who was responsible for military administration and intelligence. The other options are notable historical figures but did not hold this position.