Islamic Studies

The term 'Torat' (or Torah) refers to the law or teachings given to Prophet Moses, commonly understood as 'Law' in Islamic and Judeo-Christian contexts.

The incident of Karbala occurred on the 10th of October, 680 AD (10th Muharram, 61 AH). This date is historically recognized as the day when Imam Hussain and his followers were martyred.

Tawaf Al-Qudum, the arrival circumambulation performed upon entering Mecca during Hajj, is classified as a Sunnah act, meaning it is recommended but not obligatory. It is not Farz (obligatory), Wajib (necessary), or Nafil (voluntary extra prayer).

Historical Islamic sources indicate that the gap between the first and second Wahi (revelation) received by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was very short, traditionally reported as about three days, not years or months. The first revelation occurred in the cave of Hira, and the second revelation followed shortly after. Therefore, none of the options A, B, or C, which suggest gaps of multiple years and months, are correct. The correct answer is 'D' (none of the above).

According to authentic Islamic narrations, Hazrat Ismaeel (A.S) divorced his first wife because his father, Prophet Ibrahim (A.S), instructed him to do so. This instruction was conveyed through a message to change the threshold of the gate of his house, which was understood as a command to divorce his first wife and marry another from the Jurhum tribe. This is supported by hadiths such as Sahih al-Bukhari 3364, which narrate that Ibrahim told Ismaeel to divorce his wife and Ismaeel obeyed. The other options suggesting personal faults like dishonesty or discourtesy are not supported by authentic sources.

Aitekaaf (seclusion in the mosque) during Ramadan is considered Mustahab (recommended), not Sunnah. It is a voluntary act of worship encouraged for spiritual benefits but not obligatory or Sunnah (the practice of the Prophet as a regular act).

According to Islamic tradition and verified sources such as IslamWeb and Sahih Muslim, the Angel Jibrael (Gabriel) appeared to the Prophet Muhammad in his true form only a few times (specifically three times). However, the number of times Jibrael came to the Prophet to convey revelations and guidance is traditionally cited as approximately 22,000 times. This figure is commonly accepted in Islamic teachings and aligns with the option B (22000) given in the question. Therefore, option B is correct.

Islamic teachings prohibit fasting on the two Eid days: Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, as well as on the three days of Tashriq (the 11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah). This totals five days on which fasting is forbidden. Additionally, it is generally forbidden to single out Friday for voluntary fasting unless it coincides with an obligatory or habitual fast. The 'day of doubt' is also discouraged for fasting but is not universally counted among the forbidden days. Therefore, the total number of forbidden fasting days throughout the year is five, not four.

Hazrat Hassan ibn Thabit (RA) is known as the first poet of Islam because he was the first to compose poetry in praise of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and defend Islam through his verses. The other options are not historically recognized as the first poet of Islam.

Historical sources indicate that the official Islamic seal, used to authenticate correspondence and documents, was first instituted in the 7th year after Hijra (7 A.H) during the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad. While some sources mention 6 A.H, the more commonly accepted date among scholars is 7 A.H. The seal was used as a symbol of authority and authenticity in official communications.

Authoritative Islamic sources and scholarly articles confirm that the Black Stone (Hajr-e-Aswad) was originally white, described as whiter than milk or snow. It turned black over time due to absorbing the sins of those who touched it. Therefore, the original color of Hajr-e-Aswad was white, making option C the correct answer, not A (Black). The question asks for the original color, which is white.

There are three main types of Tawaf performed during Hajj and Umrah: Tawaf al-Qudum (arrival Tawaf), Tawaf al-Ifadah (main Tawaf during Hajj), and Tawaf al-Wada (farewell Tawaf). Therefore, the correct answer is three.

Hazrat Fatima (R.A) is widely known as 'Khatoon-e-Jannat' (Lady of Paradise) due to her esteemed status in Islamic tradition. The title 'Khatoon-e-Mehshar' is not commonly attributed to her, making option A the correct choice.

According to the Qur'an, hypocrisy (nifaq) is often described as a root cause of many evils, as it involves deceit and insincerity in faith, leading to various moral corruptions. While lying, alcohol, and backbiting are condemned, hypocrisy is emphasized as a fundamental evil that undermines faith itself.

Article 46 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973 specifically addresses the affairs of Zakat and Ushr, outlining the state's role in their collection and distribution. Therefore, option C is correct.

Jumu'ah (Friday) prayer is obligatory for Muslim men but not for women. Women are allowed to attend but are not required to perform this congregational prayer. The other prayers listed (Maghrib, Isha, Fajr) are obligatory for both men and women.

The first mosque built by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was Masjid e Quba, constructed shortly after his migration to Medina. This mosque holds historical significance as the earliest place of worship established by him.

The majority of the Quran was revealed during the night, particularly during the month of Ramadan, as per Islamic tradition. This is why 'Night time' is the correct answer.

Tawaf-e-Rukan is considered a Wajib (obligatory) component of Hajj, meaning it must be performed for the Hajj to be valid. It is not Farz (mandatory like the main pillars), but Wajib is the correct classification for this ritual.

The Quran is written in classical Arabic prose, specifically in a unique style that is neither typical prose nor poetry. It is known for its rhythmic and eloquent language but is classified as prose rather than poetry or a mix of both.

In Islamic jurisprudence, the nisab (minimum threshold) for zakat on agricultural produce is five wasq (wisk), where one wasq equals sixty saa‘, and one saa‘ is four mudds. The total nisab is therefore 300 saa‘. The weight of this nisab is approximately 612 kilograms of average-quality grain. This is well above the options given in the original question. Among the options, 60 kg (option D) is the closest to a reasonable approximation if the question intended a smaller unit, but strictly speaking, the nisab is about 612 kg. The original options (40, 45, 50, 60 kg) are all significantly lower than the actual nisab weight. Therefore, the question and options should be corrected to reflect the accurate nisab weight, and the closest option is D (60 kg) if forced to choose from the given options, but ideally the question should state the nisab as approximately 612 kg.

Surah Al-Ankaboot translates to 'The Spider' in English, as the word 'Ankaboot' means spider in Arabic. This is the correct meaning of the Surah's name.

The Quran itself does not specify a fixed punishment such as 40 lashes for drinking wine. Instead, it declares intoxicants (including wine) as sinful and commands believers to avoid them (e.g., Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:90). The specific legal punishment for drinking wine is derived from Hadith and Islamic jurisprudence, where the consensus among scholars is that the hadd punishment is flogging, typically 80 lashes for a free adult, with some opinions allowing 40 lashes or leaving the exact number to the ruler's discretion. Therefore, the Quran does not prescribe a specific punishment like 40 lashes; such punishments come from prophetic traditions and juristic consensus, not directly from the Quranic text. Hence, the correct answer to the question as phrased (punishment according to the Quran) is 'None of these'.

The Pre-Islamic era in Arabian history is commonly referred to as the 'Age of Ignorance' (Jahiliyyah) because it was characterized by a lack of Islamic teachings and widespread pagan practices.

Hazrat Yaqoob (A.S) is the prophet who was married to Rachel, as mentioned in Islamic tradition and historical texts. The other options are prophets but were not married to Rachel.