Islamic History

Hazrat Khadijat-ul-Kubra, the first wife of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), is buried in Jannat-ul-Baqee cemetery in Madina. This is a well-known historical fact in Islamic studies.

The Umayyad Caliphate's downfall in Damascus occurred in 132 A.H. (750 CE) when the Abbasids overthrew the Umayyads, ending their rule in the city. This date is historically recognized as the fall of the Umayyad dynasty in Damascus.

The conquest of Mecca occurred in the month of Ramadan, specifically on the 20th of Ramadan in the year 8 AH, marking a significant event in Islamic history.

The term 'Deen-e-Hanif' refers to the pure monotheistic faith practiced by the prophets before Islam and is considered the old or original form of Islam. The other options do not historically represent the old name of Islam.

Abdur Rehman al-Nasir assumed the title of Ameer ul Mominin in the year 315 AH, which corresponds to his accession as Caliph in the Almohad dynasty. Option A (315) is the correct year, not 317.

Imam Abu Hanifa died in 150 AH (15 Rajab 150 AH), which corresponds to 18 June 767 CE according to authoritative historical sources such as Wikipedia. The correct answer is therefore option D (150 A.H). The original question's correct_answer was B (130 A.H), which is incorrect. The explanation has been updated to reflect the accurate death date of Imam Abu Hanifa.

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) appointed Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (RA) as the governor of Yemen (specifically the region of Zafar). He was known for his knowledge of القرآن and his excellent governance skills.

Hazrat Khalid Bin Walid R.A was the companion who destroyed the idol named 'Sawa' in the city of Ta'if during the early Islamic period. This act was part of the efforts to eliminate idolatry and spread Islam.

Abdul Muttalib, the grandfather of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), is historically credited with rediscovering the Zam Zam Well after it had been buried and lost for many years. This is a well-known event in Islamic history.

Abd Ar-Rahman I, also known as Abd Ar Rehman Ad-Dakhil, was the first Muslim Caliph (Emir) of Spain, establishing the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in 756 AD after fleeing the Abbasid overthrow in Damascus. The other options are not historically recognized as rulers of Muslim Spain.

The Hijra, the migration of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar and started in the 12th year of Prophethood (Nabawat) on the 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal. This date is traditionally accepted as the start of the Hijri calendar year and is historically consistent with Islamic sources. The Prophet's birth also occurred in the month of Rabi-ul-Awwal, 53 years before the Hijra, on the 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal, which is why this month is significant in Islamic history.

Hazrat Usman Bin Abu Talha is historically known as the key holder of the Kaaba in Makkah, a prestigious and respected position. The title 'Sadin of Makkah' refers to the custodian or key holder of the Kaaba, which aligns with option C.

Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd, known as al-Mu'tasim, reigned as Abbasid Caliph from 833 to 842 CE, making option A the correct period of his reign.

Muʿtaṣim bi’llāh's original name was Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd. He was an Abbasid caliph and the son of Harun al-Rashid, making option B correct.

Jamia Masjid in Damascus, also known as the Umayyad Mosque, was built by Caliph Walid I during the Umayyad dynasty. This mosque is one of the oldest and largest mosques in the world, constructed in the early 8th century.

Abdullah Bin Zubair (R.A) was martyred by Hajjaj bin Yousuf, who was a prominent Umayyad governor known for suppressing rebellions against the Umayyad Caliphate. This is a well-documented historical fact in Islamic history.

Salah ud-Din Ayyub (Saladin) is historically known for conquering Bait-ul-Maqdas (Jerusalem) from the Crusaders in 1187, restoring Muslim control over the city.

Historical and scholarly sources confirm that Harun al-Rashid's wife Zubaida bint Ja'far was the mother of his son Al-Amin (also spelled Al-Ameen). His other son, Al-Ma'mun (Al-Haroon), was born to a Persian concubine named Marajil (often called Umm al-Ma'mun). Ammamah is not historically recognized as the mother of these sons. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Zubaida.

Hazrat Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, a companion of Prophet Muhammad, is buried in Istanbul, Turkey. His tomb is a significant historical and religious site in the city.

The Umayyad Caliphate was overthrown by the Abbasids after their victory in the Battle of the Zab in 750 A.D., which was a decisive battle leading to the Abbasid revolution. This battle marked the end of Umayyad rule and the beginning of Abbasid dominance.

Hazrat Umar (RA) is known for establishing the Majlis-e-Aam (public council or parliament) to assist in governance and decision-making during his caliphate. This was a significant administrative development in early Islamic governance.

Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah was a prominent Muslim commander known for leading the conquest of Egypt during the early Islamic expansions. The Battle of Yarmuk was led by Khalid ibn al-Walid, not Abu Ubaidah.

The Grand Mosque of Damascus, also known as the Umayyad Mosque, was built by Caliph Al-Walid I (Walid bin Abdul Malik) in the early 8th century. He commissioned its construction as a major Islamic architectural achievement.

At the time of Mawaakhat (the pact of brotherhood between the Muhajreen and Ansar), there were approximately 40 Muhajreen involved. This is a well-documented historical fact in Islamic studies.

The House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikmah) was established in Baghdad during the reign of Caliph Al-Ma'mun, who was known for his patronage of knowledge and translation of scientific works. Therefore, option B is correct.