Islamic History

The Qibla was changed in the 1st Hijri year, specifically in the 2nd year after the Hijra, when Muslims were initially directed to pray towards Jerusalem and then changed to face the Kaaba in Mecca.

Hazrat Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib embraced Islam in the seventh year of the Prophethood (Seventh Nabvi year), which is historically documented as the time he accepted Islam after hearing about the Prophet Muhammad's message.

Baghdad was founded as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate by Caliph Al-Mansur in 762 CE, making option A correct. The other options were also Abbasid caliphs but did not establish Baghdad as the capital.

The Apostasy movement, also known as the Ridda Wars, occurred during the caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) when some tribes renounced Islam. This makes option C correct.

Hazrat Abdul Muttalib, the grandfather of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), is historically known to be buried in Makkah. This is well documented in Islamic history.

Hazrat Umer (Umar ibn al-Khattab) served as the Caliph for approximately 10 years, from 634 to 644 CE, making option C the correct answer.

Hazrat Ali (RA) was the first person to offer Namaz (prayer) among the Ummah of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW), as he was the first male to accept Islam and pray alongside the Prophet. Hazrat Khadija (RA) was the first adult to accept Islam but the question specifically refers to offering Namaz among the Ummah, which includes the male companions.

Hazrat Khadija (RA), the first wife of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), passed away on the 10th of Ramadan in the 10th year of Prophethood (Nabvi). This date is historically significant in Islamic history.

Hazrat Khadija (RA), the first wife of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), was buried at Jannat al-Mu'alla cemetery in Makkah. This is a well-established historical fact in Islamic tradition.

Hazrat Usman (Uthman ibn Affan) served as the third Caliph from 644 CE (23 AH) until his assassination in 656 CE (35 AH), which is approximately 12 years. This is historically confirmed by multiple authoritative sources including Britannica and Islamic history references. Therefore, the correct duration of his khilafat period is 12 years, corresponding to option C.

Hajjaj bin Yousuf was historically known as the governor of Iraq during the Umayyad Caliphate. This is a well-documented fact in Islamic history.

Hajjaj bin Yousuf was a prominent Arab general and governor from the Thaqafi tribe during the Umayyad Caliphate. He is well-known for his strict administration and military campaigns.

Hazrat Abu Bakar (R.A.) was the first Caliph after the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He was chosen as the leader of the Muslim community, making option D the correct answer.

The Masjid-e-Quba is historically recognized as the first mosque built by the Prophet Muhammad upon his migration to Medina. Islamic tradition holds that it is a very blessed mosque and that many prophets prayed there. However, the exact figure of seventy thousand prophets praying there is not found in primary Islamic sources or credible historical records. The mosque is indeed significant and associated with many prophets in Islamic tradition, but the number seventy thousand is symbolic or traditional rather than a documented fact. The other options (Masjid-e-Qiblatain, Masjid-e-Kheef, Masjid-e-Bilal) are not traditionally associated with this claim. Therefore, the correct answer remains A: Masjid-e-Quba, with the understanding that the number is traditional and symbolic.

Hazrat Ali (R.A.) was the fourth Caliph in Islamic history, succeeding Hazrat Usman (R.A.). This is a well-established fact in Islamic studies.

Abdul bin Qasim (R.A) is historically recognized as the first child born in Medina after the migration (Hijrat) of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his followers. The other options are not recorded as the first child born post-Hijrat.

Hazrat Usman (R.A.) was the third Caliph of Islam, succeeding Hazrat Umar (R.A.) and preceding Hazrat Ali (R.A.). This is a well-established historical fact in Islamic history.

Hazrat Umar (R.A.) was the second Caliph of Islam, succeeding Hazrat Abu Bakar (R.A.) who was the first Caliph. This is a well-established historical fact in Islamic history.

The first Azan (call to prayer) was called out in 2 A.H. (After Hijra) by Bilal ibn Rabah, as per Islamic historical records. Therefore, option B is correct.

Musailama al-Kazzab was famously called 'The Liar' by the Holy Prophet Muhammad due to his false claims of prophethood. This title is well-documented in Islamic history, distinguishing him from other false claimants like Sajjah and Anwad Ansi.

According to Islamic tradition and historical narrations, Hazrat Adam (A.S) was 130 years old at the birth of his son Hazrat Sheesh (A.S). This age is commonly accepted in Islamic history texts and scholarly sources, consistent with traditional accounts.

Khalid Bin Waleed (R.A) is famously known as the 'Muslim Alexander' due to his military prowess and undefeated record in battles, similar to Alexander the Great. This title is not attributed to Uqba bin Nafah (R.A) or the others listed.

Marwan II was the last ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, reigning until the Abbasid revolution ended Umayyad rule in 750 CE. The other options are either unrelated or incorrect as rulers of the Umayyad dynasty.

Hazrat Hasan (R.A) became caliph after the assassination of his father, Hazrat Ali (R.A), in early 661 CE. Historical sources, including Wikipedia and Islamic encyclopedias, confirm that Hasan's caliphate lasted approximately six to seven months before he abdicated in favor of Mu'awiya I in August 661 CE. This duration corresponds to about half a year, which is closest to 6 months. Among the given options (12, 13, 14, 15 months), none exactly matches 6 months, but the historically accurate duration is about 6 months. Therefore, the correct answer should be 6 months, but since it is not listed, the question options need correction. The best correction is to replace the options with accurate durations including 6 months and set the correct answer accordingly. For this verification, the answer is corrected to option A (12 months) is not accurate; the correct duration is about 6 months, so the options should be fixed. Given the original options are all above 12 months, the question is factually incorrect as is. The verified correct duration is about 6 months.

Musailamah al-Kazzab was killed by Hazrat Khalid Bin Waleed (R.A) during the Battle of Yamama. Wahshi ibn Harb is known for killing Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib, not Musailamah.