Islamic Studies

The capital of the Umayyad Dynasty was Damascus. This city served as the political and administrative center of the Umayyad Caliphate during its rule.

In the rituals of Hajj, touching or gesturing towards the Black Stone is called 'Istilam'. This is a specific term used to describe this act, distinguishing it from other rituals like Sayee (walking between Safa and Marwah), Ramee (stoning the pillars), and Tawaf (circumambulating the Kaaba).

Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) was famously thrown into a fire by his people for rejecting idol worship, but by Allah's command, the fire did not harm him. This is a well-known event in Islamic tradition.

The city of Makkah (Mecca) is explicitly mentioned in the Holy Quran, notably in verses referring to the sacred mosque and the place of pilgrimage. Other cities listed, such as Baghdad, Rome, and Tehran, are not mentioned in the Quran.

In Surah Al-Kahf, the story of the 'Ashaab al-Kahf' (the People of the Cave) mentions a dog that stayed with them during their long sleep. No other animals like cats, horses, or woodpeckers are mentioned in this context.

Masjid ul Hanif is traditionally associated with the area of Hebron in Palestine, which is known as the burial place of many prophets including Abraham and others. The claim that almost 70 prophets are buried there is a traditional belief, though the exact number is not definitively established in mainstream Islamic scholarship. The other options (Syria, Mina, Muzdalfa) are not associated with Masjid ul Hanif or the burial of prophets. Mina and Muzdalfa are locations related to the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, and Syria does not have a known association with Masjid ul Hanif. Therefore, the location in Palestine is correct.

Prophet Ismail (A.S) and Prophet Ishaq (A.S) were both sons of Prophet Ibrahim (A.S) but from different mothers, making them half-brothers. Ismail was born to Hagar, and Ishaq was born to Sarah. In Islamic tradition, they are considered brothers (half-brothers), not cousins. Therefore, the correct answer is 'C' (Brothers).

Palestine is widely recognized as the "Land of Prophets" because many important prophets in Islam and Christianity were born, lived, or preached there. These include Ibrahim (Abraham), Lut (Lot), Dawud (David), Suleiman (Solomon), Musa (Moses), Zakariya, Yahya, and Isa (Jesus). Jerusalem (Al-Quds) in Palestine was the first Qibla for Muslims before it was changed to the Kaaba, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque is associated with the Prophet Muhammad's Isra and Mi'raj. The region also contains sites linked to Moses receiving the Ten Commandments and other significant religious events, which underpin its title as the Land of the Prophets. While Iraq is historically significant for some prophets, the specific title "Land of Prophets" is more commonly and accurately attributed to Palestine.

Al-Muwatta is a famous book of Hadith compiled by Imam Malik (R.A), making option D the correct answer. The other Imams mentioned compiled different collections or are known for other contributions.

Khalid bin Waleed (R.A) was famously given the title "The Sword of Allah" due to his exceptional military leadership and bravery in battles during the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). None of the other companions listed were known by this title.

The term 'Al-Tawwal' (or 'Al-Tuwal') refers to the seven longest Surahs of the Holy Quran. These are the first seven lengthy chapters after Al-Fatiha: Surah Al-Baqarah, Al-Imran, An-Nisa, Al-Ma'idah, Al-An'am, Al-A'raf, and At-Tawbah. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Seven'.

Akhwand Azizullah is recognized as the first person to translate the Holy Quran into Sindhi, making option A correct. The other options are notable historical figures but are not credited with this translation.

Hazrat Yaqub is known as Israel in Hebrew. Abdullah is a different name and not related to Hazrat Yaqub. Therefore, the correct answer is Israel.

The phrase "Muhammad is the messenger of Allah" is explicitly mentioned in Surah Muhammad (47:2). Therefore, option B is correct. Surah Al-Fath does not contain this exact statement.

The word 'Jinn' literally means 'hidden' or 'concealed' in Arabic, referring to beings that are unseen by humans. This aligns with option B, making it the correct answer.

The name of Hazrat Ibrahim (AH) is mentioned 64 times in the Holy Quran. This is a well-established fact in Islamic studies, making option A correct. Option C (69 times) is incorrect according to traditional counts.

The Injeel (Gospel) was revealed by Allah to Prophet Essa (Jesus, A.S) according to Islamic belief. This is distinct from other scriptures like the Torah (Tawrat) given to Prophet Moosa and the Zabur to Prophet Dawood.

There are three surahs in the Quran that start with a curse or a strong condemnation. These are Surah Al-Mutaffifin (83), which begins with 'Woe to those that deal in fraud'; Surah Al-Humazah (104), which starts with 'Woe to every slanderer and backbiter'; and Surah Al-Masad (111), which opens with a curse on the two who opposed Allah. The previous explanation incorrectly conflated the Muqatta'at (disjointed letters) with curses, which is not accurate. Hence, the correct answer is 3.

Surah Al-Baqara contains the detailed orders and rulings about Wudu (ablution), Ghusl (full ritual purification), and Tayammum (dry ablution). These purification rules are primarily found in verses 2:43, 2:183-187, and 2:222-225. Therefore, the correct answer is Al-Baqara.

The Messenger of Allah sent 70 scholars to teach the Qur’an to the people of Najd upon the request of Mnzar bin Amr. This is a well-documented historical event in Islamic tradition, making option B the correct answer.

Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) delivered the first Friday sermon (Khutba e Jumma) at Nimrah Mosque in the valley of Arafat during the Hajj pilgrimage, which is historically recognized as the first Jumma khutba. Therefore, option B is correct.

The book 'Seerat-un-Nabi' by Shibli Nomani and Syed Sulaiman Nadvi consists of 5 volumes, making option C the correct answer. This multi-volume work is a detailed biography of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) migrated to Madina in 622 CE and lived there until his death in 632 CE, which totals approximately 10 years. However, the exact number of full years he lived there is 9 years, as he arrived in the middle of 622 and passed away in 632. Therefore, the correct answer is 9 years.

Kitaab-ul-Aathaar is a well-known Hadith collection compiled by Imam Muhammad al-Shaybani (R.A), a prominent student of Imam Abu Hanifa. The other options are notable Islamic scholars but are not associated with this specific compilation.

The idol Manaat was worshiped primarily by the tribes Banu Salim and Banu Ghatfaan. The other options list different tribes or groups not specifically associated with Manaat worship. Therefore, option A is correct.