Islamic Studies

The word 'Quran' literally means 'the recitation' or 'frequently recited,' referring to the oral transmission of the text. Therefore, option A is correct.

The book "Kitab al Amwal" (The Book of Revenue) was authored by Abu Yusuf, a prominent Islamic jurist and student of Imam Abu Hanifa. He is well-known for his contributions to Islamic finance and jurisprudence, including this work on fiscal matters.

Tafsir al-Tabari is a famous Quranic exegesis written by Hazrat Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari R.A, a renowned Islamic scholar and historian. He is widely recognized as the author of this significant work in Islamic studies.

The 26th Para (Juz') of the Holy Qur’an is known as 'Wa Mali'. The other options are not names of any Para but are phrases or words from different parts of the Qur’an.

The Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) personally participated in the construction of Masjid-e-Quba, which is the first mosque built in Islam. This mosque holds special significance as it was established upon his migration to Medina.

Abd Ar-Rahman I, also known as Abd Ar Rehman Ad-Dakhil, was the first Muslim Caliph (Emir) of Spain, establishing the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in 756 AD after fleeing the Abbasid overthrow in Damascus. The other options are not historically recognized as rulers of Muslim Spain.

Hazrat Umer (R.A) is historically credited with introducing the police system (Shurta) during his caliphate to maintain law and order in the Islamic state. This system was formalized under his leadership, distinguishing him from his predecessors.

According to Islamic tradition, Prophet Nuh (Noah) (A.S) is considered the first prophet after Adam and is traditionally credited with many early human advancements. While there is no explicit detailed hadith or Quranic verse stating he invented the comb, classical Islamic teachings and scholarly narrations often attribute the invention of basic tools like the comb to early prophets such as Nuh (A.S). The other options (Daud, Ibrahim, Sulaiman) are not traditionally linked to the invention of the comb. Therefore, option A is the most accurate answer based on Islamic tradition.

In Islamic practice, the minimum number of persons required to perform Namaz (prayer) in congregation (Ba-Jamaat) is two: the Imam and at least one follower. This is why option B (2) is correct.

Hazrat Bibi Zainab (R.A) was the daughter of Hazrat Ali (R.A) and Hazrat Fatimah (R.A), who was the daughter of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and Khadija bint Khuwaylid. Therefore, Bibi Zainab was the granddaughter of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW), not his daughter. The original question incorrectly states that she was the daughter of the Prophet. The correct mother of Bibi Zainab is Fatimah bint Muhammad, and her father is Ali ibn Abi Talib.

The Hijra, the migration of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar and started in the 12th year of Prophethood (Nabawat) on the 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal. This date is traditionally accepted as the start of the Hijri calendar year and is historically consistent with Islamic sources. The Prophet's birth also occurred in the month of Rabi-ul-Awwal, 53 years before the Hijra, on the 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal, which is why this month is significant in Islamic history.

Bibi Balqees, also known as the Queen of Sheba, was the ruler of the ancient kingdom of Saba, which is located in present-day Yemen. Therefore, the correct answer is Yemen.

In Islamic funeral rites, it is customary to shroud a Muslim male in three sheets (kafan), while a Muslim female is typically shrouded in five pieces of cloth. This practice is supported by the majority of Islamic scholars and is based on the tradition that a woman is covered more extensively than a man, reflecting modesty and respect. Although some traditions mention seven sheets, the widely accepted and recommended number for females is five sheets. The obligatory minimum for both is a single piece of cloth that covers the entire body, but the standard practice is three sheets for males and five for females.

Martin Lings is widely recognized for his acclaimed biography of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), titled 'Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources.' Michael H. Hart is known for 'The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History,' which includes Muhammad but is not a dedicated biography. Therefore, Martin Lings is the correct answer.

The title 'Mujadid Alif Sani' refers to Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi, who is known as the 'Renewer of the Second Millennium' in Islamic history. This title is specific to him and not attributed to the other options.

The 24th Para (Juz') of the Holy Qur’an begins with the chapter Al-Furqan, which starts with the letters 'Ha’a Meem'. Therefore, option D is correct.

Hazrat Usman Bin Abu Talha is historically known as the key holder of the Kaaba in Makkah, a prestigious and respected position. The title 'Sadin of Makkah' refers to the custodian or key holder of the Kaaba, which aligns with option C.

According to authentic Islamic traditions, including Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, Hazrat Adam (AS) was created with a height of sixty cubits. A cubit is generally considered to be about 18 inches (1.5 feet), so sixty cubits translate to approximately 90 feet. This is the most commonly cited figure in reliable Islamic sources. Although some narrations mention other figures like 80 feet, the majority and most authoritative sources state 90 feet as his height.

Al-Maida is an Arabic term that translates to "The Table Spread with Food," which is also the name of the fifth chapter (Surah) of the Quran. This makes option C the correct answer.

Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd, known as al-Mu'tasim, reigned as Abbasid Caliph from 833 to 842 CE, making option A the correct period of his reign.

In Islamic prayer, the short sitting period between two prostrations (Sajdas) is called 'Jalsa'. This is the brief pause where the worshipper sits upright before performing the second Sajda.

Khums (خمس) in Islamic terminology refers to one fifth (20%) of certain items, such as surplus income, which is to be paid as a religious tax. The term literally means 'one fifth'.

During Ruku (bowing), the person is bent forward, and standing straight before and after Ruku is called Qayaam. Qauma refers to standing after Ruku, Jalsa is sitting between two prostrations, and Qaada is sitting at the end of prayer. Therefore, the correct term for standing straight during Ruku is Qayaam.

Hazrat Amr bin Al-Aas was known as the "Brain of the Arabs" due to his exceptional intelligence, strategic thinking, and diplomatic skills during the early Islamic period.

Muʿtaṣim bi’llāh's original name was Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd. He was an Abbasid caliph and the son of Harun al-Rashid, making option B correct.